Difference between pages "Volatile organic compound" and "4-chloro-3-methylphenol"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
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Volatile organic compounds, or VOCs, are organic chemical compounds whose composition makes it possible for them to evaporate under normal indoor atmospheric conditions of temperature and pressure. These hydrocarbon gases are a major class of pollutant. They can be generated by combustion engines, paints and printing inks, gasoline pumps, cleaning solvents, chemical or metallurgical processes.  In a major city, solvent fumes can average 500 tons per day.
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White crystals with a phenolic odor that have been used as a topical antiseptic. Chlorocresol dissolved in [[ethyl%20alcohol|ethanol]] has been used as a [[fungicide|fungicide]] on [[paint|paintings]], [[parchment|parchment]], and [[stone|stone]] (Caneva et al 1991).
  
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VOCs are sometimes categorized by the ease they will be emitted. For example, the World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes indoor organic pollutants as:
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== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
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* Very volatile organic compounds (VVOCs): Propane butane, methyl chloride, etc.
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* Volatile organic compounds (VOCs): Formaldehyde, d-Limonene, toluene, acetone, ethanol (ethyl alcohol) 2-propanol (isopropyl alcohol), hexanal
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chlorocresol; p-chloro m-cresol; parachlorometacresol; 4-chloro-m-cresol; CMC; 2-chloro-5-hydroxytoluene
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* Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs): Pesticides (DDT, chlordane, plasticizers (phthalates), fire retardants (PCBs, PBB))
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== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
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Soluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, acetone, mineral spirits, oils, terpenes, and aqueous alkaline solutions.
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{| class="wikitable"
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|-
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! scope="row"| Composition
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| C7H7ClO
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|-
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! scope="row"| CAS
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| 59-50-7
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|-
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! scope="row"| Melting Point
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| 55.5 - 66 C
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|-
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! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
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| mol. wt. = 142.58
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|-
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! scope="row"| Boiling Point
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| 235 C
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|}
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== Risks ==
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* Toxic by ingestion. LD50 = 1830 mg/kg. Turns yellow with exposure to light and air.
  
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The higher the volatility (lower the boiling point), the more likely the compound will be emitted from a product or surface into the air. Very volatile organic compounds are so volatile that they are difficult to measure and are found almost entirely as gases in the air rather than in materials or on surfaces. The least volatile compounds found in air constitute a far smaller fraction of the total present indoors while the majority will be in solids or liquids that contain them or on surfaces including dust, furnishings and building materials.
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* Contact causes irritation, dermatitis and allergic reactions.  
  
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== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
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* Fisher Scientific: [http://www.fishersci.ca/msds2.nsf/0/3E4243A8EDA2220F85256CA50000AAF8/$file/MSDS-97739.html?open MSDS]
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== Comparisons ==
  
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VOC
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[[media:download_file_14.pdf|pdf]]
  
 
==Resources and Citations==
 
==Resources and Citations==
  
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* P.Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002.
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* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: Entry # 2102
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* EPA: [https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/technical-overview-volatile-organic-compounds Volatile Organic Compounds]
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* G.Caneva, M.P.Nugari, O.Salvadori, ''Biology in the Conservation of Works of Art'', ICCROM, Rome, 1991
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* ''Matte Paint: Its history and technology, analysis, properties and conservation treatment'', Eric Hansen, Sue Walston, Mitchell Bishop (ed.), J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, Vol. 30 of AATA, 1993
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[[Category:Materials database]]
 
[[Category:Materials database]]

Revision as of 14:53, 8 April 2022

Description

White crystals with a phenolic odor that have been used as a topical antiseptic. Chlorocresol dissolved in ethanol has been used as a Fungicide on paintings, Parchment, and Stone (Caneva et al 1991).

Synonyms and Related Terms

chlorocresol; p-chloro m-cresol; parachlorometacresol; 4-chloro-m-cresol; CMC; 2-chloro-5-hydroxytoluene

Physical and Chemical Properties

Soluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, acetone, mineral spirits, oils, terpenes, and aqueous alkaline solutions.

Composition C7H7ClO
CAS 59-50-7
Melting Point 55.5 - 66 C
Molecular Weight mol. wt. = 142.58
Boiling Point 235 C

Risks

  • Toxic by ingestion. LD50 = 1830 mg/kg. Turns yellow with exposure to light and air.
  • Contact causes irritation, dermatitis and allergic reactions.
  • Fisher Scientific: MSDS

Comparisons

pdf

Resources and Citations

  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: Entry # 2102
  • G.Caneva, M.P.Nugari, O.Salvadori, Biology in the Conservation of Works of Art, ICCROM, Rome, 1991
  • Matte Paint: Its history and technology, analysis, properties and conservation treatment, Eric Hansen, Sue Walston, Mitchell Bishop (ed.), J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, Vol. 30 of AATA, 1993

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