Difference between revisions of "Longleaf pine"
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| − | [[File:14_LongleafPine.jpg|thumb|Longleaf Pine | + | [[File:14_LongleafPine.jpg|thumb|Longleaf Pine (''Pinus palustris'')]] |
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| − | (''Pinus palustris'')]] | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A tall evergreen tree, ''Pinus palustris'', that grows in the southeastern United States. The longleaf pine, along with the slash pine, are the principal sources of [ | + | A tall evergreen tree, ''Pinus palustris'', that grows in the southeastern United States. The longleaf pine, along with the slash pine, are the principal sources of [[turpentine (oil)|turpentine]]. It is obtained from the sapwood of living trees. Longleaf pine trees grow quickly and are used for about half of the [[kraft paper]], [[paperboard]], and [[book paper]] made in the United States. The hard, stiff, durable lumber was also used for ships, boxes, flooring, heavy construction, and millwork. Its highest production period for lumber was from 1850-1915. The lumber is still commonly sold as lumber, often under the name of Southern pine. |
| − | [[File:Longleafpinevt.jpg|thumb|Longleaf pine | + | [[File:Longleafpinevt.jpg|thumb|Longleaf pine ''Pinus palustris'']] |
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== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| − | ''Pinus palustris''; pitespaine (Port.); longleaf yellow pine; Georgia pine; hard pine; | + | ''Pinus palustris''; pitespaine (Port.); longleaf yellow pine; Georgia pine; hard pine; Southern pine; Virginian pine; brown pine |
| − | == | + | == Physical and Chemical Properties == |
| − | Grows to 30-35 m with straight trunk. Bark= | + | Grows to 30-35 m with straight trunk. Bark=thick, reddish-brown and scaly. Leaves-dark-green needles (20-45 cm) in bundles of three; often twisted. Cones are yellow-brown in color, 15–25 cm long, and 5–7 cm broad, opening to 12 cm with a small, but sharp, downward-pointing spine on the middle of each scale. Density = 41 pcf |
| − | + | == Working Properties == | |
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| − | == | + | Wood from the longleaf pine is relatively hard for a softwood. Additionally the pitch of gum can collect on saw blades, requiring that they often be cleaned to inhibit burning. The wood also has a tendency to splinter and chip. The sap does not hinder adhesives, but knots should be sealed before painting to inhibit bleed-through. The wood stains well and can darken with age. |
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| + | ==Resources and Citations== | ||
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| + | * Wood Magazine: https://www.woodmagazine.com/materials-guide/lumber/wood-species-2/longleaf-pine (accessed: April 2020) | ||
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| + | * Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longleaf_pine (Accessed Jan. 25, 2006 and April 2020) | ||
* ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | * ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | ||
| − | * | + | * Southern Pine Association, New Orleans, LA: air-dry weight = 41 pcf |
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* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
Revision as of 13:57, 6 October 2020
Description
A tall evergreen tree, Pinus palustris, that grows in the southeastern United States. The longleaf pine, along with the slash pine, are the principal sources of turpentine. It is obtained from the sapwood of living trees. Longleaf pine trees grow quickly and are used for about half of the Kraft paper, Paperboard, and Book paper made in the United States. The hard, stiff, durable lumber was also used for ships, boxes, flooring, heavy construction, and millwork. Its highest production period for lumber was from 1850-1915. The lumber is still commonly sold as lumber, often under the name of Southern pine.
Synonyms and Related Terms
Pinus palustris; pitespaine (Port.); longleaf yellow pine; Georgia pine; hard pine; Southern pine; Virginian pine; brown pine
Physical and Chemical Properties
Grows to 30-35 m with straight trunk. Bark=thick, reddish-brown and scaly. Leaves-dark-green needles (20-45 cm) in bundles of three; often twisted. Cones are yellow-brown in color, 15–25 cm long, and 5–7 cm broad, opening to 12 cm with a small, but sharp, downward-pointing spine on the middle of each scale. Density = 41 pcf
Working Properties
Wood from the longleaf pine is relatively hard for a softwood. Additionally the pitch of gum can collect on saw blades, requiring that they often be cleaned to inhibit burning. The wood also has a tendency to splinter and chip. The sap does not hinder adhesives, but knots should be sealed before painting to inhibit bleed-through. The wood stains well and can darken with age.
Resources and Citations
- Wood Magazine: https://www.woodmagazine.com/materials-guide/lumber/wood-species-2/longleaf-pine (accessed: April 2020)
- Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longleaf_pine (Accessed Jan. 25, 2006 and April 2020)
- Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
- Southern Pine Association, New Orleans, LA: air-dry weight = 41 pcf
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998