Difference between revisions of "Polyester resin"

Latest revision as of 12:44, 23 September 2023

Polyester clay necklace
MFA# 2006.582

Description

Polyester watch face
MFA# 2006.630

A thermoplastic or thermosetting resin made by the reaction of an ester of dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid. Polyester resins were first discovered by the Swedish chemist Berzelius in 1847. Thermosetting polyesters are cross-linked alkyd resins that are used as paints and in molded or cast products. Thermoplastic polyesters are linear compounds that are used in fibers and films. One type, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was first developed by English chemists, J. R. Whinfield and J.T. Dickson, in 1941. PET is used to make Mylar® and other strong moisture-resistant films as well as to make textile fibers such as Dacron® (and Terylene®). Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), is mainly used as a molding compound. When catalyzed, polyesters can harden at room temperature and pressure with very little shrinkage to produce a clear, colorless fiber, block or film. They are often used for encapsulating and embedding samples and objects.

Synonyms and Related Terms

PER; résine polyester (Fr.); resina poliestere (It.); resina de poliéster (Port.); Polyester (Deut.); poliéster (Esp.); polyester (Sven.); poliestry (Pol.)

Examples: Dacron® [DuPont]; Mylar® [DuPont Teijin]; Melinex® [DuPont Teijin]; Bio-Plastic®; Caroplastic; Castolite; Fortrel; Vestopal; Terylene [ICI]; Tergal; Tetlon; Palatal; Leguval [Bayer]; Kodel® [Eastman Chemical]; Paraplex [Resinous Products and Chemicals]

Applications

FTIR

Textiles
Rigid packaging (bottles, recyclable type 1)
Films (Mylar)
Waterproofing barriers

Risks

Difficult to ignite.
Burns with a shiny, yellow-orange, sooty flame.
Self-extinguishing

Physical and Chemical Properties

Resistant to cold acids, weak alkalis, bleach and most organic solvents.
Degrades in strong alkalis, strong hot acids, cresol.
Melting Point = 238-290 C
Density = 1.32-1.38 g/ml
Refractive Index = 1.54 -1.72

Comparisons

General Characteristics of Polymers

Physical Properties for Selected Thermoset Resins

Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins

Resources and Citations

G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p.624
Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
Marjorie Shelley, The Care and Handling of Art Objects, The Metropolitan Museum, New York, 1987
Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
Marjory L. Joseph, Introductory Textile Science, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, TX, 1986
Thomas C. Jester (ed.), Twentieth-Century Building Materials, McGraw-Hill Companies, Washington DC, 1995
Identification of Textile Materials, The Textile Institute, Manchester, England, 1985
S.Blank, Studies in Conservation 35:53-63, 1990---used as a lacquer since 1933..commercially cast or used as fiber until 1941.
M.Kaufman, The First Century of Plastics, The Plastics and Rubber Institute, London, 1963
F. Kidd, Brushmaking Materials, British Brush Manufacturers, London, 1957 Comment: p. 133
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyester (Accessed Jan. 6, 2006)

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[File:Polyester resin necklace 2006.582.png|thumb|'''MFA Acc. #:''' 2006.582]]
+[[File:Polyester resin necklace 2006.582.png|thumb|Polyester clay necklace<br>MFA# 2006.582]]
 == Description ==
+[[File:Watch face 2006630.jpg|thumb|Polyester watch face<br>MFA# 2006.630]]
-A thermoplastic or thermosetting resin made by the reaction of an ester of dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid. Polyester resins were first discovered by the Swedish chemist Berzelius in 1847. Thermosetting polyesters are cross-linked alkyd resins that are used as paints and in molded or cast products. Thermoplastic polyesters are linear compounds that are used in fibers and films. One type, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was first developed by English chemists, J. R. Whinfield and J.T. Dickson, in 1941. PET is used to make Mylar® and other strong moisture-resistant films as well as to make Dacron® (and Terylene®), an important textile fiber. Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), is mainly used as a molding compound. When catalyzed, polyesters can harden at room temperature and pressure with very little shrinkage to produce a clear, colorless fiber, block or film. They are often used for encapsulating and embedding samples and objects.
+A thermoplastic or thermosetting resin made by the reaction of an ester of dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid. Polyester resins were first discovered by the Swedish chemist Berzelius in 1847. Thermosetting polyesters are cross-linked alkyd resins that are used as paints and in molded or cast products. Thermoplastic polyesters are linear compounds that are used in fibers and films. One type, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was first developed by English chemists, J. R. Whinfield and J.T. Dickson, in 1941. PET is used to make [[Mylar|Mylar®]] and other strong moisture-resistant films as well as to make textile fibers such as [[Dacron|Dacron®]] (and [[Terylene|Terylene®]]). Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), is mainly used as a molding compound. When catalyzed, polyesters can harden at room temperature and pressure with very little shrinkage to produce a clear, colorless fiber, block or film. They are often used for encapsulating and embedding samples and objects.
-[[File:Polyester film watch face 2006.630.png|thumb|'''MFA Acc. #:''' 2006.630]]
 == Synonyms and Related Terms ==
@@ Line 11: / Line 9: @@
 Examples: Dacron® [DuPont]; Mylar® [DuPont Teijin]; Melinex® [DuPont Teijin]; Bio-Plastic®; Caroplastic; Castolite; Fortrel; Vestopal; Terylene [ICI]; Tergal; Tetlon; Palatal; Leguval [Bayer]; Kodel® [Eastman Chemical]; Paraplex [Resinous Products and Chemicals]
+==Applications==
 [[[SliderGallery rightalign|MFA- Polyester.jpg~FTIR]]]
+* Textiles
+* Rigid packaging (bottles, recyclable type 1)
+* Films (Mylar)
+* Waterproofing barriers
-== Other Properties ==
+== Risks ==
-Resistant to cold acids, weak alkalis, bleach and most organic solvents.  Degrades in strong alkalis, strong hot acids, cresol.
-{| class="wikitable"
+* Difficult to ignite.
-|-
+* Burns with a shiny, yellow-orange, sooty flame.
-! scope="row"| Melting Point
+* Self-extinguishing
-| 238-290
-|-
-! scope="row"| Density
-| 1.32-1.38
-|-
-! scope="row"| Refractive Index
-| range: 1.54 -1.72
-|}
-== Hazards and Safety ==
+==Physical and Chemical Properties==
-Difficult to ignite.  Burns with a shiny, yellow-orange, sooty flame.  Self-extinguishing
+* Resistant to cold acids, weak alkalis, bleach and most organic solvents.
+* Degrades in strong alkalis, strong hot acids, cresol.
+* Melting Point = 238-290 C
+* Density = 1.32-1.38 g/ml
+* Refractive Index = 1.54 -1.72
 == Comparisons ==
@@ Line 39: / Line 35: @@
 [[media:download_file_286.pdf|Physical Properties for Selected Thermoset Resins]]
-[[media:download_file_287.pdf|Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins]]
 [[media:download_file_291.pdf|Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins]]
+==Resources and Citations==
-== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
 * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p.624
 * Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
 * Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988
 * Marjorie Shelley, ''The Care and Handling of Art Objects'', The Metropolitan Museum, New York, 1987
 * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
 * Hermann Kuhn, ''Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities'', Butterworths, London, 1986
 * Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
 * ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
 * Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002
 * Marjory L. Joseph, ''Introductory Textile Science'', Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, TX, 1986
 * Thomas C. Jester (ed.), ''Twentieth-Century Building Materials'', McGraw-Hill Companies, Washington DC, 1995
 * ''Identification of Textile Materials'', The Textile Institute, Manchester, England, 1985
+* S.Blank, Studies in Conservation 35:53-63, 1990---used as a lacquer since 1933..commercially cast or used as fiber until 1941.
-* External source or communication  Comment: S.Blank Studies in Conservation 35:53-63, 1990---used as a lacquer since 1933..commercially cast or used as fiber until 1941.
 * M.Kaufman, ''The First Century of Plastics'', The Plastics and Rubber Institute, London, 1963
+* F. Kidd, ''Brushmaking Materials'', British Brush Manufacturers, London, 1957  Comment: p. 133
-* F. Kidd, ''Brushmaking Materials'', Bristish Brush Manufacturers, London, 1957  Comment: p. 133
+* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyester (Accessed Jan. 6, 2006)
-* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyester (Accessed Jan. 6, 2006)
 [[Category:Materials database]]