Difference between revisions of "Pyroxylin"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A general term used for [[cellulose%20nitrate|cellulose nitrate]] formulated with less than 12.5% nitrogen. At this low nitrogen concentration, it was not explosive. Pyroxylin was most often used in lacquer formulations, generically named collodion. At the London Exposition in 1852, Alexander Parkes first exhibited | + | A general term used for [[cellulose%20nitrate|cellulose nitrate]] formulated with less than 12.5% nitrogen. At this low nitrogen concentration, it was not explosive. Pyroxylin was most often used in lacquer formulations, generically named [[collodion]]. At the London Exposition in 1852, Alexander Parkes first exhibited a cellulose nitrate lacquer he called Parkesine . He later patented his production process in 1855. It was used for small objects, such as jewelry, buttons, fountain pens, and brush handles. The Parkesine Company failed after a few years and was acquired by the British Xylonite company in 1875, which produced pyroxylin. |
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
Latest revision as of 09:31, 27 September 2022
Description
A general term used for Cellulose nitrate formulated with less than 12.5% nitrogen. At this low nitrogen concentration, it was not explosive. Pyroxylin was most often used in lacquer formulations, generically named Collodion. At the London Exposition in 1852, Alexander Parkes first exhibited a cellulose nitrate lacquer he called Parkesine . He later patented his production process in 1855. It was used for small objects, such as jewelry, buttons, fountain pens, and brush handles. The Parkesine Company failed after a few years and was acquired by the British Xylonite company in 1875, which produced pyroxylin.
Synonyms and Related Terms
cellulose nitrate; collodion; Parkesine; celluloid; loalin; French ivory; pyralin cellulose nitrate; collodion; Parkesine; loalin; French ivory; pyralin; piroxilina (Esp.);
Resources and Citations
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 171
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
- History of Plastics: www.nswpmith.com.au/historyofplastics.html (exhibited at 1852 London exposition, patented in 1856)
- Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyroxylin (Accessed Jan. 15, 2006)