Difference between revisions of "Titanium"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A dark gray shiny metallic element. Titanium was identified by William Gregor in 1791 and separated in 1825 by Baron Berzelius. It has an abundance of 0.63% and occurs primarily in [ | + | A dark gray shiny metallic element. Titanium was identified by William Gregor in 1791 and separated in 1825 by Baron Berzelius. It has an abundance of 0.63% and occurs primarily in [[rutile]], [[anatase]], [[sphene]], [[titanite]], [[ilmenite]], perovskite, or brookite minerals. Titanium is strong but lightweight. It is used as a metal alloy with [[copper], [[iron]], and [[steel]], to add strength while decreasing mass. Titanium alloys are used in aircraft, missiles, and space capsules. The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo capsules were mostly made of titanium. Titanium compounds are used as [[abrasive|abrasives]] and [[pigment|pigments]]. Synthetically produced zinc antimony titanate was considered the best ceramic opacifier in the early 20th c. |
[[File:Titaniummetalemr2.jpg|thumb|Metallic titanium, powdered]] | [[File:Titaniummetalemr2.jpg|thumb|Metallic titanium, powdered]] | ||
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== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| − | Ti; Titaan (Ned.); titane (Fr.); Titan (Deut.; Sven.); titanio (It., Esp.); | + | Ti; Titaan (Ned.); titane (Fr.); Titan (Deut.; Sven.); titanio (It., Esp.); Titânio (Port.); titania |
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| + | == Risks == | ||
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| + | * Powder is flammable. Fire and explosion risk. | ||
| + | * Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/99067.htm MSDS] | ||
| − | == | + | == Physical and Chemical Properties == |
| − | Soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. Insoluble in water. Corrosion resistance to chlorine, seawater, air pollution, alkalis. | + | * Soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. Insoluble in water. |
| + | * Corrosion resistance to chlorine, seawater, air pollution, alkalis. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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! scope="row"| Melting Point | ! scope="row"| Melting Point | ||
| − | | 1670-1677 | + | | 1670-1677 C |
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! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| − | | 4.6 | + | | 4.6 g/ml |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ||
| − | | 3260-3280 | + | | 3260-3280 C |
|} | |} | ||
| − | == | + | ==Resources and Citations== |
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| − | + | * Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Ti/key.html Website] : first isolated in 1910 by Matthew Hunter | |
| − | * | + | * Cricket Harbeck, Adhesives Commonly used in Objects Conservation, unpublished, 1996 |
| − | * | + | * C. J. Harbeck, 'Ceramic Pigments' ''Industrial and Engineering Chemistry'', 30(7), 1938. |
| − | * | + | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 811 |
| − | * | + | * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 |
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
| − | * | + | * Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 |
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9610 | * ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9610 | ||
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 Comment: first isolated by Baron Berzelius in 1823 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 Comment: first isolated by Baron Berzelius in 1823 | ||
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[[Category:Materials database]] | [[Category:Materials database]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:11, 10 June 2022
Description
A dark gray shiny metallic element. Titanium was identified by William Gregor in 1791 and separated in 1825 by Baron Berzelius. It has an abundance of 0.63% and occurs primarily in Rutile, Anatase, Sphene, Titanite, Ilmenite, perovskite, or brookite minerals. Titanium is strong but lightweight. It is used as a metal alloy with [[copper], Iron, and Steel, to add strength while decreasing mass. Titanium alloys are used in aircraft, missiles, and space capsules. The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo capsules were mostly made of titanium. Titanium compounds are used as abrasives and pigments. Synthetically produced zinc antimony titanate was considered the best ceramic opacifier in the early 20th c.
Synonyms and Related Terms
Ti; Titaan (Ned.); titane (Fr.); Titan (Deut.; Sven.); titanio (It., Esp.); Titânio (Port.); titania
Risks
- Powder is flammable. Fire and explosion risk.
- Fisher Scientific: MSDS
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. Insoluble in water.
- Corrosion resistance to chlorine, seawater, air pollution, alkalis.
| Composition | Ti (atomic no. 22) |
|---|---|
| CAS | 7440-32-6 |
| Melting Point | 1670-1677 C |
| Density | 4.6 g/ml |
| Molecular Weight | atomic wt = 47.867 |
| Refractive Index | 2.5-2.9 |
| Boiling Point | 3260-3280 C |
Resources and Citations
- Web Elements: Website : first isolated in 1910 by Matthew Hunter
- Cricket Harbeck, Adhesives Commonly used in Objects Conservation, unpublished, 1996
- C. J. Harbeck, 'Ceramic Pigments' Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 30(7), 1938.
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 811
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9610
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 Comment: first isolated by Baron Berzelius in 1823