Lac dye - Revision history

MDerrick at 16:50, 6 March 2026

2026-03-06T16:50:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:50, 6 March 2026
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	A deep red colorant extracted from the crude [[shellac]] resin excreted by the lac insect, ''Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca'' (formerly ''Coccus lacca''), indigenous to southeast Asia. The lac insect is most often found on banyan trees (''Ficus benghalensis'', or ''F. indica'') and on juniper trees (''Rhamnus jujuba''). Lac dye is a byproduct produced during the shellac purification process. Its primary colorant is laccaic acid (C20H14O11). Lac dye was an important dyestuff used since ancient times. The bright red colorant gave a lightfast tint to [[silk]] and [[wool]]. It is similar in color to dyes obtained from [[cochineal]] and [[kermes]]. Lac dye was also precipitated with [[alumina trihydrate]] to make Indian lake pigment. Now synthetic colorants have replaced the use of lac dye.		A deep red colorant extracted from the crude [[shellac]] resin excreted by the lac insect, ''Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca'' (formerly ''Coccus lacca''), indigenous to southeast Asia. The lac insect is most often found on banyan trees (''Ficus benghalensis'', or ''F. indica'') and on juniper trees (''Rhamnus jujuba''). Lac dye is a byproduct produced during the shellac purification process. Its primary colorant is laccaic acid (C20H14O11). Lac dye was an important dyestuff used since ancient times. The bright red colorant gave a lightfast tint to [[silk]] and [[wool]]. It is similar in color to dyes obtained from [[cochineal]] and [[kermes]]. Lac dye was also precipitated with [[alumina trihydrate]] to make Indian lake pigment. Now synthetic colorants have replaced the use of lac dye.

	[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]		[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]
	[[File:03_Lac comp.jpg\|thumb\|Dye mixtures from lac dye]]		[[File:03_Lac comp.jpg\|thumb\|Dye mixtures from lac dye]]
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	==Physical and Chemical Properties==		==Physical and Chemical Properties==
			* Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).
	Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).

	== Resources and Citations ==		== Resources and Citations ==

	* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." (Accessed 15 Mar. 2004) Insect = laccifer lacca

	* ''The Dictionary of Art'', Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments" gives insect as Kerria lacca, which lives on fig trees in India and East Asia

	* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: Insect - Coccus lacca

	* Judith Hofenk-de Graaff, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'', Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, 1969		* Judith Hofenk-de Graaff, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'', Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, 1969
			* J. Thornton, 'The Use of Dyes and Colored Varnishes in Wood Polychromy', ''Painted Wood: History and Conservation'', The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1998
	* J. Thornton, 'The Use of Dyes and Colored Varnishes in Wood Polychromy', ''Painted Wood: History and Conservation'', The Getty Conservation ~~Insitute~~, Los Angeles, 1998		* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." (Accessed 15 Mar. 2004) Insect = ''laccifer lacca''
			* ''The Dictionary of Art'', Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments" gives insect as ''Kerria lacca'', which lives on fig trees in India and East Asia
			* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: Insect - ''Coccus lacca''
	* Thomas Gregory, ''The Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942		* Thomas Gregory, ''The Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942

	* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982		* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982

	* F. Crace-Calvert, ''Dyeing and Calico Printing'', Palmer & Howe, London, 1876		* F. Crace-Calvert, ''Dyeing and Calico Printing'', Palmer & Howe, London, 1876

	* Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980		* Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980

	* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000		* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

	* Website: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name		* Website: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name
			* CHSOS: [https://chsopensource.org/products/pigments-checker/pigments-checker-4/pigments-checker-standard-pigments-list/lac-dye-k-36020/ Spectra (Reflectance, XRF, Raman, FTIR) for Lac dye]


	[[Category:Materials database]]		[[Category:Materials database]]

MDerrick at 16:16, 6 October 2022

2022-10-06T16:16:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:16, 6 October 2022
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	lac lake; lac colorant; Natural Red 25; CI 75450; laccaic acid; gomme laque (Fr.); lic-lac (Deut.); laca (Esp., Port.); tinta laca (Esp.); Indiki lakka (Gr.); lacca (It.); lac-lac (Ned.); lakka (Fin.); na ros (Tibetan); gummilack; caked lac; grained lac; kadi lakh; seed-lac; rangbatti; stick lac; Indian lake; lac-dye; lacchaic acid; lac day;		lac lake; lac colorant; Natural Red 25; CI 75450; laccaic acid; gomme laque (Fr.); lic-lac (Deut.); laca (Esp., Port.); tinta laca (Esp.); Indiki lakka (Gr.); lacca (It.); lac-lac (Ned.); lakka (Fin.); na ros (Tibetan); gummilack; caked lac; grained lac; kadi lakh; seed-lac; rangbatti; stick lac; Indian lake; lac-dye; lacchaic acid; lac day;

	== ~~Other~~ Properties ==		==Physical and Chemical Properties==

	Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).		Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).
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	* Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980		* Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980

	* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, ~~http~~://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000		* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

	* Website: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name		* Website: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name

MDerrick at 16:56, 28 October 2020

2020-10-28T16:56:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:56, 28 October 2020
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	[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]		[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]
			[[File:03_Lac comp.jpg\|thumb\|Dye mixtures from lac dye]]
	== Synonyms and Related Terms ==		== Synonyms and Related Terms ==

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	Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).		Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).

	~~== Additional Images ==~~

	~~<gallery>~~
	~~File:03_Lac comp.jpg\|Dye mixtures from lac dye~~
	~~</gallery>~~

	== Resources and Citations ==		== Resources and Citations ==

MDerrick at 16:55, 28 October 2020

2020-10-28T16:55:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:55, 28 October 2020
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	Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).		Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).

	~~== Additional Information ==~~

	~~° J.Hofenk-de Graaf, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'' Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, September 1969.~~

	== Additional Images ==		== Additional Images ==
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	</gallery>		</gallery>

			== Resources and Citations ==

	~~== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==~~		* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." (Accessed 15 Mar. 2004) Insect = laccifer lacca

	* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." ~~Encyclopædia Britannica.~~ 15 Mar. 2004 . Insect = laccifer lacca

	* ''The Dictionary of Art'', Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments" gives insect as Kerria lacca, which lives on fig trees in India and East Asia		* ''The Dictionary of Art'', Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments" gives insect as Kerria lacca, which lives on fig trees in India and East Asia
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	* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000		* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

	* Website ~~address 1 Comment~~: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name		* Website: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name



	[[Category:Materials database]]		[[Category:Materials database]]

Jruggiero: Text replace - "== Authority ==" to "== Sources Checked for Data in Record =="

2016-05-01T12:07:39Z

Text replace - "== Authority ==" to "== Sources Checked for Data in Record =="

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:07, 1 May 2016
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	== ~~Authority~~ ==		== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==

	* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 Mar. 2004 . Insect = laccifer lacca		* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 Mar. 2004 . Insect = laccifer lacca

GEthier: /* Description */

2014-01-21T16:15:26Z

Description

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 21 January 2014
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	== Description ==		== Description ==

	A deep red colorant extracted from the crude [~~http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=shellac~~ shellac] resin excreted by the lac insect, ''Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca'' (formerly ''Coccus lacca''), indigenous to southeast Asia. The lac insect is most often found on banyan trees (''Ficus benghalensis'', or ''F. indica'') and on juniper trees (''Rhamnus jujuba''). Lac dye is a byproduct produced during the shellac purification process. Its primary colorant is laccaic acid (C20H14O11). Lac dye was an important dyestuff used since ancient times. The bright red colorant gave a lightfast tint to [~~http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=silk~~ silk] and [~~http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=wool~~ wool]. It is similar in color to dyes obtained from [~~http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cochineal~~ cochineal] and [~~http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=kermes~~ kermes]. Lac dye was also precipitated with [~~http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=alumina%20trihydrate~~ alumina trihydrate] to make Indian lake pigment. Now synthetic colorants have replaced the use of lac dye.		A deep red colorant extracted from the crude [[shellac]] resin excreted by the lac insect, ''Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca'' (formerly ''Coccus lacca''), indigenous to southeast Asia. The lac insect is most often found on banyan trees (''Ficus benghalensis'', or ''F. indica'') and on juniper trees (''Rhamnus jujuba''). Lac dye is a byproduct produced during the shellac purification process. Its primary colorant is laccaic acid (C20H14O11). Lac dye was an important dyestuff used since ancient times. The bright red colorant gave a lightfast tint to [[silk]] and [[wool]]. It is similar in color to dyes obtained from [[cochineal]] and [[kermes]]. Lac dye was also precipitated with [[alumina trihydrate]] to make Indian lake pigment. Now synthetic colorants have replaced the use of lac dye.

	[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]		[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]

	== Synonyms and Related Terms ==		== Synonyms and Related Terms ==

Unknown user at 12:44, 24 July 2013

2013-07-24T12:44:06Z

Unknown user at 17:03, 13 June 2013

2013-06-13T17:03:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:03, 13 June 2013
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	== Description ==		== Description ==

	A deep red colorant extracted from the crude [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=shellac shellac] resin excreted by the lac insect, ''Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca'' (formerly ''Coccus lacca''), indigenous to southeast Asia. The lac insect is most often found on banyan trees (''Ficus benghalensis'', or ''F. indica'') and on juniper trees (''Rhamnus jujuba''). Lac dye is a byproduct produced during the shellac purification process. Its primary colorant is laccaic acid (C20H14O11). Lac dye was an important dyestuff used since ancient times. The bright red colorant gave a lightfast tint to [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=silk silk] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=wool wool]. It is similar in color to dyes obtained from [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cochineal cochineal] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=kermes kermes]. Lac dye was also precipitated with [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=alumina ~~trihydrate~~ alumina trihydrate] to make Indian lake pigment. Now synthetic colorants have replaced the use of lac dye.		A deep red colorant extracted from the crude [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=shellac shellac] resin excreted by the lac insect, ''Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca'' (formerly ''Coccus lacca''), indigenous to southeast Asia. The lac insect is most often found on banyan trees (''Ficus benghalensis'', or ''F. indica'') and on juniper trees (''Rhamnus jujuba''). Lac dye is a byproduct produced during the shellac purification process. Its primary colorant is laccaic acid (C20H14O11). Lac dye was an important dyestuff used since ancient times. The bright red colorant gave a lightfast tint to [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=silk silk] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=wool wool]. It is similar in color to dyes obtained from [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cochineal cochineal] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=kermes kermes]. Lac dye was also precipitated with [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=alumina%20trihydrate alumina trihydrate] to make Indian lake pigment. Now synthetic colorants have replaced the use of lac dye.

	[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]		[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg\|thumb\|Lac dye]]

Unknown user at 18:21, 27 April 2013

2013-04-27T18:21:26Z

New page

[[File:image3_lacdye.jpg|thumb|Lac dye]]
== Description ==

A deep red colorant extracted from the crude [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=shellac shellac] resin excreted by the lac insect, ''Laccifer (Tachardia) lacca'' (formerly ''Coccus lacca''), indigenous to southeast Asia. The lac insect is most often found on banyan trees (''Ficus benghalensis'', or ''F. indica'') and on juniper trees (''Rhamnus jujuba''). Lac dye is a byproduct produced during the shellac purification process. Its primary colorant is laccaic acid (C20H14O11). Lac dye was an important dyestuff used since ancient times. The bright red colorant gave a lightfast tint to [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=silk silk] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=wool wool]. It is similar in color to dyes obtained from [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cochineal cochineal] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=kermes kermes]. Lac dye was also precipitated with [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=alumina trihydrate alumina trihydrate] to make Indian lake pigment. Now synthetic colorants have replaced the use of lac dye.

[[File:198 lacca chiara a calce.jpg|thumb|Lac dye]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==

lac lake; lac colorant; Natural Red 25; CI 75450; laccaic acid; gomme laque (Fr.); lic-lac (Deut.); laca (Esp., Port.); tinta laca (Esp.); Indiki lakka (Gr.); lacca (It.); lac-lac (Ned.); lakka (Fin.); na ros (Tibetan); gummilack; caked lac; grained lac; kadi lakh; seed-lac; rangbatti; stick lac; Indian lake; lac-dye; lacchaic acid; lac day;

== Other Properties ==

Laccaic acid is soluble in methanol (dries to form needle-like crystals).

== Additional Information ==

J.Hofenk-de Graaf, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'' Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, September 1969.

== Additional Images ==

<gallery>
File:03_Lac comp.jpg|Dye mixtures from lac dye
</gallery>

== Authority ==

* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." Encyclopdia Britannica. 15 Mar. 2004 . Insect = laccifer lacca

* ''The Dictionary of Art'', Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments" gives insect as Kerria lacca, which lives on fig trees in India and East Asia

* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: Insect - Coccus lacca

* Judith Hofenk-de Graaff, Judith Hofenk-de Graaff, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'', Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, 1969

* J. Thornton, J. Thornton, 'The Use of Dyes and Colored Varnishes in Wood Polychromy', ''Painted Wood: History and Conservation'', The Getty Conservation Insitute, Los Angeles, 1998

* Thomas Gregory, Thomas Gregory, ''The Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942

* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982

* F. Crace-Calvert, F. Crace-Calvert, ''Dyeing and Calico Printing'', Palmer & Howe, London, 1876

* Thomas B. Brill, Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980

* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

* Website address 1, Website address 1 Comment: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name

[[Category:Materials database]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:44, 24 July 2013
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	== Additional Information ==		== Additional Information ==

	J.Hofenk-de Graaf, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'' Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, September 1969.		° J.Hofenk-de Graaf, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'' Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, September 1969.

	== Additional Images ==		== Additional Images ==
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	== Authority ==		== Authority ==

	* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." ~~Encyclopdia~~ Britannica. 15 Mar. 2004 . Insect = laccifer lacca		* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Lac." Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 Mar. 2004 . Insect = laccifer lacca

	* ''The Dictionary of Art'', Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments" gives insect as Kerria lacca, which lives on fig trees in India and East Asia		* ''The Dictionary of Art'', Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Pigments" gives insect as Kerria lacca, which lives on fig trees in India and East Asia

	* ~~R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout,~~ R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: Insect - Coccus lacca		* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: Insect - Coccus lacca

	* ~~Judith Hofenk-de Graaff,~~ Judith Hofenk-de Graaff, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'', Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, 1969		* Judith Hofenk-de Graaff, ''Natural Dyestuffs: Origin, Chemical Constitution, Identification'', Central Research Laboratory for Objects of Art and Science, Amsterdam, 1969

	* ~~J. Thornton,~~ J. Thornton, 'The Use of Dyes and Colored Varnishes in Wood Polychromy', ''Painted Wood: History and Conservation'', The Getty Conservation Insitute, Los Angeles, 1998		* J. Thornton, 'The Use of Dyes and Colored Varnishes in Wood Polychromy', ''Painted Wood: History and Conservation'', The Getty Conservation Insitute, Los Angeles, 1998

	* ~~Thomas Gregory,~~ Thomas Gregory, ''The Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942		* Thomas Gregory, ''The Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942

	* ~~Matt Roberts, Don Etherington,~~ Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982		* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982

	* ~~F. Crace-Calvert,~~ F. Crace-Calvert, ''Dyeing and Calico Printing'', Palmer & Howe, London, 1876		* F. Crace-Calvert, ''Dyeing and Calico Printing'', Palmer & Howe, London, 1876

	* ~~Thomas B. Brill,~~ Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980		* Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980

	* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000		* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

	* ~~Website address 1,~~ Website address 1 Comment: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name		* Website address 1 Comment: http://www.coloria.net/varita.htm - Finnish name



	[[Category:Materials database]]		[[Category:Materials database]]