Difference between revisions of "Turmeric"

Latest revision as of 09:43, 22 June 2022

Tapis dyed with turmeric
MFA# 1980.282

Description

Turmeric Ukon rhizomes

A natural yellow or brown dye obtained from the root the Curcuma domestica (or C. longa) plant native to India and southeast Asia. Turmeric was used in Polynesia as a textile and skin dye. It was known in Mesopotamia and used by the ancient Greeks and Romans. When it was imported to Europe is 1612, it became a popular yellow dye for Silk scarves. The roots are dried then powdered for sale. The primary color component in turmeric is curcumin. It is a water-soluble dye that forms a bright yellow color on Cotton without a Mordant. Darker orange to brown shades are produced with Alum, Tin, Chromium, and Copper mordants. Iron mordants produce a dull green shade. The fugitive colorant was also used to make Yellow pigments and to tint varnishes. Turmeric is currently used as a flavoring agent in curry powder and as a yellow colorant in mustard, cheese, Paper, Wood, and Wax.

Turmeric

Synonyms and Related Terms

tumeric (sp, AAT); Curcuma domestica; Curcuma longa; Natural Yellow 3; CI 75300; curcumin; safran des Indes (Fr.); Gelbwurz (Deut.); terra merita (It.); cúrcuma (Esp.); curcuma (Ned., Port.); merita earth; camotilla; haide; halad; Indian saffron; safran d'Inde; souchet; ukon (Jap.); tumerick; turmerech; terre merite; yellow ginger; yellow root; yo-kin

FTIR (MFA)

Risks

Color is sensitive to light. Turns red in alkaline and acid solutions.

ThermoFisher: SDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

Curcumin is soluble in water, ethanol and ether.

Fluoresces green.

ISO R105 Lightfastness Classification = 1

Composition	C21H20O6
CAS	458-37-7
Melting Point	183 C
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 368.39

Additional Images

Ground turmeric
Turmeric
Ukon

Resources and Citations

Palmy Weigle, Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974 Comment: Gives plant name as Curcuma longa

R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982

Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 Comment: Gives plant name as Curcuma longa

John and Margaret Cannon, Dye Plants and Dyeing, Herbert Press, London, 1994

R.Feller, M.Curran, C.Bailie, 'Identification of Traditional Organic Colorants Employed in Japanese Prints and Determination of their Rates of Fading', Japanese Woodblock Prints, Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, Oberlin, 1984

F. Crace-Calvert, Dyeing and Calico Printing, Palmer & Howe, London, 1876 Comment: Gives plant name as Curcuma longa

J. Thornton, 'The Use of Dyes and Colored Varnishes in Wood Polychromy', Painted Wood: History and Conservation, The Getty Conservation Insitute, Los Angeles, 1998 Comment: lists Curcuma domestica as currently accepted name; C.longa as former; also C.tinctoria, C.verdiflora as additional names

Sigma Dyes, Stains and Natural Pigments, Infrared Library, Nicolet, 1991-1995 Comment: OMNIC: formula= C21H20O6, CAS= 458-37-7, plant name as C.longa

Helmut Schweppe, Schweppe color collection index and information book

The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9955

The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998

Colour Index International online at www.colour-index.org Comment: CAS= 458-37-7

G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 360

Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing) Comment: Gives plant name as Curcuma longa

Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989

"Violin Varnish Glossary" at www.violins.on.ca/luthier.vargloss.html - gives plant name as Curcuma longa

Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques, Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981

Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[File:Turmericwk1.jpg|thumb|Turmeric rhizomes]]
+[[File:MFA1980282 Turmeric.jpg|thumb|Tapis dyed with turmeric<br>MFA# 1980.282]]
 == Description ==
+[[File:13 Turmeric root.jpg|thumb|Turmeric ''Ukon'' rhizomes]]
-A natural yellow or brown dye obtained from the root the ''Curcuma domestica'' (or ''C. longa'') plant native to India and southeast Asia. Turmeric was used in Polynesia as a textile and skin dye. It was known in Mesopotamia and used by the ancient Greeks and Romans. When it was imported to Europe is 1612, it became a popular yellow dye for [[silk]] scarves. The roots are dried then powdered for sale. The primary color component in turmeric is curcumin. It is a water-soluble dye that forms a bright yellow color on [[cotton]] without a [[mordant]]. Darker orange to brown shades are produced with [[alum]], [[ tin]], [[chromium|chrome]], and [[copper]] mordants. [[Iron]] mordants produce a dull green shade. The fugitive colorant was also used to make [[yellow pigments]] and to tint varnishes. Turmeric is currently used as a flavoring agent in curry powder and as a yellow colorant in mustard, cheese, [[paper]], [[wood]], and [[wax]].
+A natural yellow or brown dye obtained from the root the ''Curcuma domestica'' (or ''C. longa'') plant native to India and southeast Asia. Turmeric was used in Polynesia as a textile and skin dye. It was known in Mesopotamia and used by the ancient Greeks and Romans. When it was imported to Europe is 1612, it became a popular yellow dye for [[silk]] scarves. The roots are dried then powdered for sale. The primary color component in turmeric is curcumin. It is a water-soluble dye that forms a bright yellow color on [[cotton]] without a [[mordant]]. Darker orange to brown shades are produced with [[alum]], [[ tin]], [[chromium]], and [[copper]] mordants. [[Iron]] mordants produce a dull green shade. The fugitive colorant was also used to make [[yellow pigments]] and to tint varnishes. Turmeric is currently used as a flavoring agent in curry powder and as a yellow colorant in mustard, cheese, [[paper]], [[wood]], and [[wax]].
 [[File:turmeric_pieces.jpg|thumb|Turmeric]]
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 [[[SliderGallery rightalign|Turmeric, ground, McCormick.TIF~FTIR (MFA)]]]
-== Other Properties ==
+== Risks ==
+Color is sensitive to light. Turns red in alkaline and acid solutions.
+ThermoFisher: [https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=AC218580100&productDescription=CURCUMIN+98%2B%25%28UV%29+10GR&vendorId=VN00032119&countryCode=US&language=en SDS]
+== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
 Curcumin is soluble in water, ethanol and ether.
@@ Line 27: / Line 32: @@
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Melting Point
-| 183
+| 183 C
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 | mol. wt. = 368.39
 |}
-[[File:turmeric_powder.jpg|thumb|Ground turmeric]]
-== Hazards and Safety ==
-Color is sensitive to light. Turns red in alkaline and acid solutions.
-Mallinckrodt Baker: [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/c6512.htm MSDS]
 == Additional Images ==
 <gallery>
+File:turmeric_powder.jpg|Ground turmeric
 File:turmeric.jpg|Turmeric
-File:13 Turmeric root.jpg|''Ukon''
 File:13 Turmeric root_detail.jpg|''Ukon''
 </gallery>
+== Resources and Citations ==
-== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
 * Palmy Weigle, ''Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974  Comment: Gives plant name as Curcuma longa
@@ Line 81: / Line 78: @@
 * Book and Paper Group, ''Paper Conservation Catalog'', AIC, 1984, 1989
-* Website address 1  Comment: "Violin Varnish Glossary" at www.violins.on.ca/luthier.vargloss.html - gives plant name as Curcuma longa
+* "Violin Varnish Glossary" at www.violins.on.ca/luthier.vargloss.html - gives plant name as Curcuma longa
 * Tom Rowland, Noel Riley, ''A-Z Guide to Cleaning, Conserving and Repairing Antiques'', Constable and Co., Ltd., London, 1981