Difference between revisions of "Alumina"

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[[File:95_Alumina fiber_200X adj.jpg|thumb|Saffil, ICI Americas]]
 
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== Description ==
 
  
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Common name for natural or synthetic [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=aluminum oxide aluminum oxide]. It is a white, hard, insoluble powder. Aluminum oxide naturally occurs in some feldspars, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=alumina trihydrate alumina trihydrate], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=corundum corundum], gibbsite, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=bauxite bauxite], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=ruby ruby], and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=sapphire sapphire]. It was first extract commercially from bauxite in 1888 using the Bayer process. Aluminum oxide is extremely hard and is used as an abrasive both in its natural (corundum, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=emery emery]) and synthetic (Alundum) forms. Synthetic alumina is prepared primarily in three forms: activated alumina, smelter-grade alumina, and calcined alumina. The porous, granular activated alumina aggressively absorbs liquid water and water vapor. The fine-grain calcined alumina is a dense impermeable ceramic material used for abrasives, refractories, electrical insulation, high temperature crucibles, and dental restoration. It is also used as a filler for paints, glass, and ceramics. When added to glaze mixtures, aluminum oxide increases viscosity during firing, prevents devitrification during cooling, and adds durability to the final surface.
 
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See also [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=alpha alumina alpha alumina] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=gamma alumina gamma alumina].
 
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[[File:95_Alumina fiber_200X_pol adj.jpg|thumb|Saffil, ICI Americas]]
 
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== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
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aluminum oxide; aluminium oxide; almina (Esp.); alumine (Fr.); alumina (Port.); xido de alumnio (Port.); activated alumina; Alundum; Aloxite; Bausilite; White Bauxilite; corundum
 
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|aaiAlumina.jpg~FTIR]]]
 
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== Other Properties ==
 
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Soluble in mineral acids and strong alkali. Insoluble in water.
 
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{| class="wikitable"
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Composition
 
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| Al2O3
 
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! scope="row"| CAS
 
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| 1344-28-1
 
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! scope="row"| Mohs Hardness
 
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| 9.0
 
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! scope="row"| Melting Point
 
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| 2040
 
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! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 
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| mol. wt. = 101.96
 
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|}
 
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== Hazards and Safety ==
 
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Fire retardant.  Dust may cause irritation with skin contact or inhalation. 
 
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Mallinckrodt Baker: [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/a2844.htm MSDS]
 
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== Comparisons ==
 
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[[media:download_file_167.pdf|Properties of Common Abrasives]]
 
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== Additional Images ==
 
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<gallery>
 
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File:95_Alumina fiber_500X_pol adj.jpg|Saffil, ICI Americas
 
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</gallery>
 
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== Authority ==
 
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* G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 34
 
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: alumina" from Encyclopdia Britannica Premium Service.  [Accessed May 8, 2003].
 
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* Michael McCann, Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
 
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* Robert Fournier, Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
 
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* R.M.Organ, R.M.Organ, ''Design for Scientific Conservation of Antiquities'', Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 1968
 
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[[Category:Materials database]]
 

Revision as of 07:48, 24 July 2013

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