Difference between revisions of "Carbon steel"
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Steel is an alloy of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=iron iron] with a small percentage of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=carbon carbon]. The amount of carbon present changes the iron from a soft easily worked metal into an extremely hard brittle metal. | Steel is an alloy of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=iron iron] with a small percentage of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=carbon carbon]. The amount of carbon present changes the iron from a soft easily worked metal into an extremely hard brittle metal. | ||
| − | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Low | + | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Low%20carbon%20steel Low carbon (mild, soft) steel] contains less than 0.3% carbon. It works well when heated to redness and is easily cast. Soft steel is used in construction and as a substitute for [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=wrought%20iron wrought iron]. |
| − | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Medium | + | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Medium%20carbon%20steel Medium carbon (normal) steel] contains between 0.3-0.7% carbon. It is easily cast and forged into many shapes. Normal steel is also used for construction. |
| − | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=High | + | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=High%20carbon%20steel High carbon (hard) steel ] contains between 0.7-1.5% carbon. It is very hard and brittle and is used to fortify warships. |
| − | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Cast | + | --[http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Cast%20iron Cast iron] also contains carbon in concentrations up to 5%. |
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| − | acier au carbone (Fr.); acero al | + | acier au carbone (Fr.); acero al carbón (Esp.); aço não-ligado (Port.); aço carbono (Port.) |
== Authority == | == Authority == | ||
| − | * | + | * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 |
| − | * | + | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 145 |
| − | * | + | * Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing) |
* ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | * ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | ||
| − | * | + | * David C. Scott, ''Metallography and Microstructure of Ancient and Historic Metals'', The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1991 |
| − | * | + | * Henry Hodges, ''Artifacts: An Introduction to Early Materials and Technology'', Ronald P. Frye, Kingston, Canada, 1988 |
[[Category:Materials database]] | [[Category:Materials database]] | ||
Revision as of 07:48, 24 July 2013
Description
Steel is an alloy of iron with a small percentage of carbon. The amount of carbon present changes the iron from a soft easily worked metal into an extremely hard brittle metal.
--Low carbon (mild, soft) steel contains less than 0.3% carbon. It works well when heated to redness and is easily cast. Soft steel is used in construction and as a substitute for wrought iron.
--Medium carbon (normal) steel contains between 0.3-0.7% carbon. It is easily cast and forged into many shapes. Normal steel is also used for construction.
--High carbon (hard) steel contains between 0.7-1.5% carbon. It is very hard and brittle and is used to fortify warships.
--Cast iron also contains carbon in concentrations up to 5%.
Synonyms and Related Terms
acier au carbone (Fr.); acero al carbón (Esp.); aço não-ligado (Port.); aço carbono (Port.)
Authority
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 145
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
- David C. Scott, Metallography and Microstructure of Ancient and Historic Metals, The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1991
- Henry Hodges, Artifacts: An Introduction to Early Materials and Technology, Ronald P. Frye, Kingston, Canada, 1988