Difference between revisions of "Chlorine"

From CAMEO
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(username removed)
 
 
(6 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
−
A nonmetallic halogen element. Chlorine has an abundance of 0.031% in the earth's crust ([http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=halite halite], sylvite, carnallite) and 1.9% in seawater (chloride salts). It was discovered in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele and recognized as an element by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1810. Chlorine exists at room temperature as a greenish-yellow gas with a suffocating odor. It was used as a poisonous gas in World War I called Bertholite. Chlorine is used for bleaching paper pulp, as a germicide in water, and for the synthesis of numerous organic compounds.
+
A nonmetallic halogen element. Chlorine has an abundance of 0.031% in the earth's crust ([[halite]], sylvite, [[carnallite]]) and 1.9% in seawater (chloride salts). It was discovered in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele and recognized as an element by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1810. Chlorine exists at room temperature as a greenish-yellow gas with a suffocating odor. It was used as a poisonous gas in World War I called Bertholite. Chlorine is used for bleaching paper pulp, as a germicide in water, and for the synthesis of numerous organic compounds.
  
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
 
Cl; dephlogisticated marine gas; oxygenized muriatic acid gas; Bertholite; Chloor (Ned.); chlore (Fr.); Chlor (Deut.); cloro (It., Port., Esp.); Klor (Sven.)
 
Cl; dephlogisticated marine gas; oxygenized muriatic acid gas; Bertholite; Chloor (Ned.); chlore (Fr.); Chlor (Deut.); cloro (It., Port., Esp.); Klor (Sven.)
 +
== Risks ==
  
−
== Other Properties ==
+
* Noncombustible. 
 +
* Corrosive.
 +
* Toxic by inhalation.
 +
* Contact will burn skin and tissues.
 +
* Strong oxidizing agent. Dangerous with organic compounds. 
 +
* Airgas: [https://www.airgas.com/msds/001015.pdf SDS]
 +
 
 +
== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
  
 
Soluble in water, chlorides and alcohols.
 
Soluble in water, chlorides and alcohols.
Line 20: Line 28:
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Melting Point
 
! scope="row"| Melting Point
−
| -101.00
+
| -101.00 C
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
Line 26: Line 34:
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Boiling Point
 
! scope="row"| Boiling Point
−
| -34.05
+
| -34.05 C
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
== Hazards and Safety ==
+
== Resources and Citations ==
−
 
 
−
Noncombustible. 
 
−
 
 
−
Corrosive. Toxic by inhalation. Contact will burn skin and tissues.
 
−
 
 
−
Strong oxidizing agent. Dangerous with organic compounds. 
 
−
 
 
−
LINK: [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng0126.html International Chemical Safety Card]
 
−
 
 
−
== Additional Information ==
 
−
 
 
−
Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Cl/key.html Website]
 
  
−
== Authority ==
+
* Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Cl/key.html Website]
  
−
* G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 188
+
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 188
  
−
* Richard S. Lewis, Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
+
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  
−
* Random House, Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
+
* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 2145
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 2145
Line 57: Line 53:
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
  
−
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
+
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
  
−
* Susan E. Schur, Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
+
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
  
−
* Michael McCann, Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
+
* Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
  
 
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
 
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

Latest revision as of 13:21, 29 May 2022

Description

A nonmetallic halogen element. Chlorine has an abundance of 0.031% in the earth's crust (Halite, sylvite, Carnallite) and 1.9% in seawater (chloride salts). It was discovered in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele and recognized as an element by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1810. Chlorine exists at room temperature as a greenish-yellow gas with a suffocating odor. It was used as a poisonous gas in World War I called Bertholite. Chlorine is used for bleaching paper pulp, as a germicide in water, and for the synthesis of numerous organic compounds.

Synonyms and Related Terms

Cl; dephlogisticated marine gas; oxygenized muriatic acid gas; Bertholite; Chloor (Ned.); chlore (Fr.); Chlor (Deut.); cloro (It., Port., Esp.); Klor (Sven.)

Risks

  • Noncombustible.
  • Corrosive.
  • Toxic by inhalation.
  • Contact will burn skin and tissues.
  • Strong oxidizing agent. Dangerous with organic compounds.
  • Airgas: SDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

Soluble in water, chlorides and alcohols.

Composition Cl (atomic no. 17)
CAS 7782-50-5
Melting Point -101.00 C
Molecular Weight atomic wt = 35.453
Boiling Point -34.05 C

Resources and Citations

  • G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 188
  • Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  • Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  • Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 2145
  • The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
  • Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
  • Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
  • Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979

Retrieved from "https://cameo.mfa.org/index.php?title=Chlorine&oldid=86472"