Difference between revisions of "Chloroform"
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trichloromethane; trichlormethane (sp); methane trichloride; formyl chloride | trichloromethane; trichlormethane (sp); methane trichloride; formyl chloride | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
== Risks == | == Risks == | ||
| − | Carcinogen. Toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. Nonflammable. | + | * Carcinogen. |
| − | + | * Toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption. | |
| − | Chloroform can decompose when exposed to heat, moisture and UV light forming highly toxic fumes (phosgene, chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride). Reacts violently with bases, oxidants and some metals (e.g.,aluminium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium), causing fire and explosion hazard. Attacks plastic, rubber and coatings. | + | * Nonflammable. |
| + | * Chloroform can decompose when exposed to heat, moisture and UV light forming highly toxic fumes (phosgene, chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride). | ||
| + | * Reacts violently with bases, oxidants and some metals (e.g.,aluminium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium), causing fire and explosion hazard. Attacks plastic, rubber and coatings. | ||
| + | * ThermoFisher: [https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=AC610281000&productDescription=CHLOROFORM+ANHYD&vendorId=VN00033901&countryCode=US&language=enttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng0027.html SDS] | ||
| − | + | ==Physical and Chemical Properties== | |
| − | |||
Miscible in ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide. Slightly soluble in water. | Miscible in ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide. Slightly soluble in water. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Melting Point | ! scope="row"| Melting Point | ||
| − | | -63.5 | + | | -63.5 C |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| − | | 1.485 | + | | 1.485 g/ml |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ||
| Line 41: | Line 41: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ||
| − | | 61.2 | + | | 61.2 C |
|} | |} | ||
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* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
| − | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Chloroform." | + | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Chloroform." Accessed 7 July 2004 . |
* ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'', Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index= 1.444 | * ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'', Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index= 1.444 | ||
Latest revision as of 13:31, 29 May 2022
Description
A volatile liquid with a characteristic odor. Chloroform was synthesized in 1831 by Liebig and Soubeiran. It was first used as a general anesthetic in 1847 by Sir James Simpson, a physician in Edinburgh. Chloroform is a good Solvent for fats, oils, Rubber, waxes, and resins. It has been used as a cleaning fluid, refrigerant, degreaser, Insecticide, and Fumigant.
Synonyms and Related Terms
trichloromethane; trichlormethane (sp); methane trichloride; formyl chloride
Risks
- Carcinogen.
- Toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption.
- Nonflammable.
- Chloroform can decompose when exposed to heat, moisture and UV light forming highly toxic fumes (phosgene, chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride).
- Reacts violently with bases, oxidants and some metals (e.g.,aluminium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium), causing fire and explosion hazard. Attacks plastic, rubber and coatings.
- ThermoFisher: SDS
Physical and Chemical Properties
Miscible in ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide. Slightly soluble in water.
| Composition | CHCl3 |
|---|---|
| CAS | 67-66-3 |
| Melting Point | -63.5 C |
| Density | 1.485 g/ml |
| Molecular Weight | mol. wt. = 119.4 |
| Refractive Index | 1.4422 |
| Boiling Point | 61.2 C |
Comparisons
Resources and Citations
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 186
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 Comment: bp=61.2C, mp=-63.5C
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 2193; bp=61-62C, mp=-63.5C; ref. index= 1.4422
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
- Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Chloroform." Accessed 7 July 2004 .
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index= 1.444