Medium density fiberboard (MDF)
Description
A common name for an engineered wood product made from mixture of fine wood fibers and resin bonded together then compressed into panels with smooth, flat surfaces at high temperature and pressure. Medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels are constructed from 82% wood fiber, 9% urea-formaldehyde resin and 1% paraffin wax. The density of the board, typically between 500-1000 kg/m3, is dependent on the type of fiber (softwood or hardwood) that is used. MDF boards are available in large sheets (4' x 8') in a variety of thicknesses, such as 3/8", 1/2", 5/8", 3/4" and 1". In recent years, manufacturers have started using greener materials, such as non-toxic binders, and non-wood fibers (straw and bamboo). Variations, lightweight (L-MDF) and ultralightweight (U-MDF), use less quantities of resin, resulting in lower weights, but also less strength.
Synonyms and Related Terms
Medium-density fiberboard; MDF; Medex®; Medite®; Medite II®
Personal Risks
When cut, MDF boards produce a large quantity of dust.
Collection Risks
MDF products emit formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds.
Working Properties
MDF boards are uniform, dense smooth and free from knots or grain patterns. They are also consistent in strength and size. When machined with high quality tools (carbide, ceramic or diamond), they rarely chip-out or fuzz. They may be glued, doweled, painted or laminated and are dimensionally stable. Low-grade MDF may swell and break when saturated with water. Unsealed MDF may warp or expand in Humid environments.
Chemical and Physical Properties
| Property | Standard MDF | Lightweight MDF | Ultralightweight MDF |
| Weight 3/4"x4'x8' sheet |
90 lbs | 76 lbs | 64 lbs |
| Face screw-holding strength |
337 llbs | 247 lbs | 180lbs |
Sources Checked for Data in Record
- External source or communication Comment: Contributed information from Charles Goodwin.