Difference between revisions of "Parkesine"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A brand name for the first synthetic plastic composed of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cellulose | + | A brand name for the first synthetic plastic composed of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cellulose%20nitrate cellulose nitrate] plasticized with [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=camphor camphor]. Parkesine was patented in England in 1855 by Alexander Parkes and marketed as a substitute for [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=ivory ivory]. It was used for small objects, such as jewelery, buttons, fountain pens, and brush handles. The Parkesine Company failed after a few years and was acquired by the British Xylonite company in 1875, which produced pyroxylin. |
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
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== Authority == | == Authority == | ||
| − | * | + | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 172 |
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
| − | * | + | * Website address 1 Comment: www.me.umist.ac.uk/historyp/history.htm -- 1865 |
* Website address 2 Comment: History of Plastics at www.nswpmith.com.au/historyofplastics.html - by 1855 | * Website address 2 Comment: History of Plastics at www.nswpmith.com.au/historyofplastics.html - by 1855 | ||
Revision as of 07:53, 24 July 2013
Description
A brand name for the first synthetic plastic composed of cellulose nitrate plasticized with camphor. Parkesine was patented in England in 1855 by Alexander Parkes and marketed as a substitute for ivory. It was used for small objects, such as jewelery, buttons, fountain pens, and brush handles. The Parkesine Company failed after a few years and was acquired by the British Xylonite company in 1875, which produced pyroxylin.
Synonyms and Related Terms
parquesina (Esp.); cellulose nitrate; pyroxylin; Xylonite; Zylonite; Ivoride
Authority
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 172
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
- Website address 1 Comment: www.me.umist.ac.uk/historyp/history.htm -- 1865
- Website address 2 Comment: History of Plastics at www.nswpmith.com.au/historyofplastics.html - by 1855
- The Dictionary of Art, Grove's Dictionaries Inc., New York, 1996 Comment: "Plastic"
- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkesine (Accessed Jan. 15, 2006) - invented in 1862; company formed in 1866