Difference between revisions of "Spodumene"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A transparent to translucent colored [[gemstone|gemstone]]. Spodumene is composed of lithium aluminum silicate. It can occur as a colorless, gray, green (hiddenite), yellow, pink (kunzite), lavender, or gray crystals. Spudomenes are only found in granite pegmatites. They are mined in Sweden, Ireland, the Malagasy Republic, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, and the U.S. (South Dakota, California, North Carolina). Spudomene is used industrially as a source of [[lithium|lithium]]. It is also used in the manufacture of [[ceramic| | + | A transparent to translucent colored [[gemstone|gemstone]]. Spodumene is composed of lithium aluminum silicate. It can occur as a colorless, gray, green (hiddenite), yellow, pink (kunzite), lavender, or gray crystals. Spudomenes are only found in granite pegmatites. They are mined in Sweden, Ireland, the Malagasy Republic, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, and the U.S. (South Dakota, California, North Carolina). Spudomene is used industrially as a source of [[lithium|lithium]]. It is also used in the manufacture of [[ceramic|Ceramics]], [[enamel, inorganic|Enamel]], and [[glass|glass]]. It undergoes an irreversible expansion from its alpha to beta form at 900C. |
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| − | hiddenite (green); kunzite (pink to lavender); triphane; Kunzit, Spodumen (Deut.); espodúmeno (Esp.); spodumen (Pol.); espodumena (Port.); spodumen (Ned.) | + | hiddenite (green); kunzite (pink to lavender); triphane; Kunzit, Spodumen (Deut.); espodúmeno (Esp.); spodumen (Pol.); espodumena (Port.); spodumen (Ned.); spudomene (sp.) |
| − | == | + | == Physical and Chemical Properties == |
| − | Monoclinic system with flat, prismatic, striated crystals. Cleavage is good in one direction (87 degrees) | + | * Monoclinic system with flat, prismatic, striated crystals. |
| − | + | * Cleavage is good in one direction (87 degrees) | |
| − | Fracture = uneven and splintery. Luster = vitreous to pearly. Streak = white. | + | * Fracture = uneven and splintery. |
| + | * Luster = vitreous to pearly. | ||
| + | * Streak = white. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 23: | Line 25: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| − | | 3.13 - 3.20 | + | | 3.13 - 3.20 g/ml |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ||
| Line 29: | Line 31: | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | == | + | == Resources and Citations == |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | + | * Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Spodumene.shtml Spodumene] | |
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | ||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
* Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992 | * Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992 | ||
| − | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "spodumene" | + | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "spodumene" [Accessed December 4, 2001]. (tech info) |
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979 | * C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979 | ||
| − | * Wikipedia | + | * Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spodumene (Accessed Sept. 17, 2005) |
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
Revision as of 14:03, 4 June 2022
Description
A transparent to translucent colored Gemstone. Spodumene is composed of lithium aluminum silicate. It can occur as a colorless, gray, green (hiddenite), yellow, pink (kunzite), lavender, or gray crystals. Spudomenes are only found in granite pegmatites. They are mined in Sweden, Ireland, the Malagasy Republic, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, and the U.S. (South Dakota, California, North Carolina). Spudomene is used industrially as a source of Lithium. It is also used in the manufacture of Ceramics, Enamel, and Glass. It undergoes an irreversible expansion from its alpha to beta form at 900C.
Synonyms and Related Terms
hiddenite (green); kunzite (pink to lavender); triphane; Kunzit, Spodumen (Deut.); espodúmeno (Esp.); spodumen (Pol.); espodumena (Port.); spodumen (Ned.); spudomene (sp.)
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Monoclinic system with flat, prismatic, striated crystals.
- Cleavage is good in one direction (87 degrees)
- Fracture = uneven and splintery.
- Luster = vitreous to pearly.
- Streak = white.
| Composition | LiAlSi2O6 |
|---|---|
| Mohs Hardness | 6.5 - 7.0 |
| Density | 3.13 - 3.20 g/ml |
| Refractive Index | 1.648 - 1.679 |
Resources and Citations
- Mineralogy Database: Spodumene
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Robert Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
- Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "spodumene" [Accessed December 4, 2001]. (tech info)
- C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
- Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spodumene (Accessed Sept. 17, 2005)
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998