Difference between revisions of "Kaolinite"

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[[File:B1216.jpg|thumb|Kaolin lion head from horse harness<br> MFA # 98.694]]
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[[File:Thomas Davies Pottery 2011.1807.jpg|thumb|Face jug<br>MFA #: 2011.1807]]
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== Description ==
 
[[File:Kaoliniteemr1.jpg|thumb|Kaolinite]]
 
[[File:Kaoliniteemr1.jpg|thumb|Kaolinite]]
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== Description ==
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A hydrated aluminum silicate mineral which is the principal constituent of [[kaolin]] clay. Kaolinite crystals have a lamellar or plate-like structure that gives the clay its slippery feel. It is a natural alteration product of aluminum silicate rocks, such as [[feldspar]]. Pure kaolinite is a primary [[clay]]. Most secondary clays contain only a small percentage of kaolinite (Fournier 1996). One exception is [[ball clay]] found in Wareham, England.
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A hydrated aluminum silicate mineral which is the principal constituent of [[kaolin]] clay. Kaolinite crystals have a lamellar or plate-like structure that gives the clay its slippery feel. It is a natural alteration product of aluminum silicate rocks, such as feldspar. Pure kaolinite is a primary clay. Most secondary clays contain only a small percentage of kaolinite (Fournier 1996). One exception is ball clay found in Wareham, England.
 
  
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
 
china clay, kaolin; gaoling (Chin.); Kaolinit (Deut.); caolinita (Esp.); kaolinite (Fr.); kaolien (Ned.); kaoliniet (Ned.); caulinite (Port.);
 
china clay, kaolin; gaoling (Chin.); Kaolinit (Deut.); caolinita (Esp.); kaolinite (Fr.); kaolien (Ned.); kaoliniet (Ned.); caulinite (Port.);
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Kaolinite PMA.TIF~FTIR (MFA)]]]
 
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Kaolinite PMA.TIF~FTIR (MFA)]]]
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== Other Properties ==
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== Risks ==
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Insoluble in water, cold acids and alkalis. 
 
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Monoclinic system with with hexagonal, plate-like crystals 0.1-1.0 micrometers. 
 
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Perfect cleavage in one direction.  Plastic when wet.  Brittle when dry. 
 
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Fracture = earthy (friable).  Luster =dull to pearly.  Streak = white.
 
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{| class="wikitable"
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Composition
 
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| Al2Si2O5(OH4)
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Mohs Hardness
 
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| 2.0 - 2.5
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Density
 
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| 2.6-2.63
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Refractive Index
 
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| 1.558; 1.565; 1.564
 
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|}
 
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== Hazards and Safety ==
 
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Noncombustible. 
 
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Mallinckrodt Baker: [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/k0870.htm MSDS]
 
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== Additional Information ==
 
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° R. Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Co., Radnor, PA, 1996.
 
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° Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Kaolinite.shtml Kaolinite]
 
  
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== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
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* Noncombustible. 
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* ThermoFisher: [https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=AC211740010&productDescription=KAOLIN+1KG&vendorId=VN00032119&countryCode=US&language=en SDS]
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== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
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* Composition = Al2Si2O5(OH4)
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* Mohs Hardness = 2.0 - 2.5
 +
* Density = 2.6-2.63 g/ml
 +
* Refractive Index = 1.558; 1.565; 1.564
 +
* Perfect cleavage in one direction. 
 +
* Plastic when wet.  Brittle when dry. 
 +
* Fracture = earthy (friable). 
 +
* Luster =dull to pearly. 
 +
* Streak = white
 +
* Insoluble in water, cold acids and alkalis. 
 +
* Monoclinic system with with hexagonal, plate-like crystals 0.1-1.0 micrometers. 
 +
* Microscopically particles are translucent and colorless with moderate relief.  Under crossed polars, particles have low birefringence. 
 +
* Kaolin fluoresces a pale white.
  
 +
== Resources and Citations ==
 +
* WebMinerals: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Kaolinite.shtml Kaolinite]
 +
* R. Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Co., Radnor, PA, 1996.
 +
* Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Kaolinite.shtml Kaolinite]
 
* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "kaolinite"  [Accessed December 4, 2001].
 
* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "kaolinite"  [Accessed December 4, 2001].
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* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
 
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
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* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
 
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
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* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinite Kaolinite] (Accessed Sept. 7, 2005 and March 2025)
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* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinite (Accessed Sept. 7, 2005)
 
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* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966
 
* R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966
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[[Category:Materials database]]
 
[[Category:Materials database]]

Latest revision as of 12:44, 12 March 2025

Kaolin lion head from horse harness
MFA # 98.694
Face jug
MFA #: 2011.1807

Description

Kaolinite

A hydrated aluminum silicate mineral which is the principal constituent of Kaolin clay. Kaolinite crystals have a lamellar or plate-like structure that gives the clay its slippery feel. It is a natural alteration product of aluminum silicate rocks, such as Feldspar. Pure kaolinite is a primary Clay. Most secondary clays contain only a small percentage of kaolinite (Fournier 1996). One exception is Ball clay found in Wareham, England.

Synonyms and Related Terms

china clay, kaolin; gaoling (Chin.); Kaolinit (Deut.); caolinita (Esp.); kaolinite (Fr.); kaolien (Ned.); kaoliniet (Ned.); caulinite (Port.);

FTIR (MFA)

Kaolinite PMA.TIF

Risks

  • Noncombustible.
  • ThermoFisher: SDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

  • Composition = Al2Si2O5(OH4)
  • Mohs Hardness = 2.0 - 2.5
  • Density = 2.6-2.63 g/ml
  • Refractive Index = 1.558; 1.565; 1.564
  • Perfect cleavage in one direction.
  • Plastic when wet. Brittle when dry.
  • Fracture = earthy (friable).
  • Luster =dull to pearly.
  • Streak = white
  • Insoluble in water, cold acids and alkalis.
  • Monoclinic system with with hexagonal, plate-like crystals 0.1-1.0 micrometers.
  • Microscopically particles are translucent and colorless with moderate relief. Under crossed polars, particles have low birefringence.
  • Kaolin fluoresces a pale white.

Resources and Citations

  • WebMinerals: Kaolinite
  • R. Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Co., Radnor, PA, 1996.
  • Mineralogy Database: Kaolinite
  • Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "kaolinite" [Accessed December 4, 2001].
  • Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
  • C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
  • Wikipedia: Kaolinite (Accessed Sept. 7, 2005 and March 2025)
  • R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966

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