Molybdenum: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Wulfeniteemr1.jpg|thumb|Wulfenite]] | [[File:Wulfeniteemr1.jpg|thumb|Wulfenite]] | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
[[File:pw20608wulfenite.jpg|thumb|Wulfenite]] | |||
A silvery-white metallic element. Molybdenum occurs in the earth's crust in concentrations of 1-1.5 ppm. It is obtained from molybdenite and wulfenite ores and also as a by-product of [[copper]] production. Molybdenum was first discovered by Carl William Scheele in 1778 and isolated by Peter Hjelm in 1782. Molybdenum is very resistant to corrosion, has high electrical conductivity and can withstand high temperatures. Metallic molybdenum is used in the manufacture of hardened steels, tools, boiler plate, rifle barrels, propeller shafts, x-ray tubes, electrical contacts, filaments, and glass-to-metal seals. | A silvery-white metallic element. Molybdenum occurs in the earth's crust in concentrations of 1-1.5 ppm. It is obtained from molybdenite and wulfenite ores and also as a by-product of [[copper]] production. Molybdenum was first discovered by Carl William Scheele in 1778 and isolated by Peter Hjelm in 1782. Molybdenum is very resistant to corrosion, has high electrical conductivity and can withstand high temperatures. Metallic molybdenum is used in the manufacture of hardened steels, tools, boiler plate, rifle barrels, propeller shafts, x-ray tubes, electrical contacts, filaments, and glass-to-metal seals. | ||
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
Mo; Molybdeen (Ned.); molybdène (Fr.); Molybdän (Deut.); molibdeno (It., Esp.); molibdénio (Port.); molybden (Sven.); molybdos (Gr.); molybdenite; | Mo; Molybdeen (Ned.); molybdène (Fr.); Molybdän (Deut.); molibdeno (It., Esp.); molibdénio (Port.); molybden (Sven.); molybdos (Gr.); molybdenite; wulfenite; molly (moly) | ||
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Wulfeniteitaly1.jpg~Raman]]] | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|Wulfeniteitaly1.jpg~Raman]]] | ||
== Risks == | |||
== | * Highly toxic. | ||
* Rembar: [https://www.rembar.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/SDS-Molybdenum-002.pdf SDS solid metal] | |||
* MerckMillipore: [https://www.emdmillipore.com/US/en/product/msds/MDA_CHEM-112254?ReferrerURL=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.yahoo.com%2F&bd=1 SDS powder] | |||
Flame color is green-yellow. Insoluble in water, dilute hydrochloric acid and alkalis. Reacts with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. | ==Physical and Chemical Properties== | ||
* Flame color is green-yellow. | |||
* Insoluble in water, dilute hydrochloric acid and alkalis. | |||
* Reacts with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 28: | Line 33: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Melting Point | ! scope="row"| Melting Point | ||
| 2622 | | 2622 C | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| 10.28 | | 10.28 g/ml | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ||
| Line 37: | Line 42: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ||
| 4639 | | 4639 C | ||
|} | |} | ||
== | ==Resources and Citations== | ||
* ''Chemical & Engineering News'', American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 81 (36) , Sept. 8, 2003 Comment: Philip Mitchell, p. 108; states discovered by Scheele in 1778 | * ''Chemical & Engineering News'', American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 81 (36) , Sept. 8, 2003 Comment: Philip Mitchell, p. 108; states discovered by Scheele in 1778 | ||
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | ||
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | * Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | ||
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 6317; discovered by Scheele in 1778 and isolated by Hjelm in 1782 | * ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 6317; discovered by Scheele in 1778 and isolated by Hjelm in 1782 | ||
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molybdenum Molybdenum] (Accessed Sept. 10, 2005 and Dec 2025) | |||
* Wikipedia | |||
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 516 | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 516 | ||
* Web Elements at http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Mo/key.html states discovered by Scheele in 1782 | |||
* | |||
[[Category:Materials database]] | [[Category:Materials database]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:53, 14 December 2025
Description
A silvery-white metallic element. Molybdenum occurs in the earth's crust in concentrations of 1-1.5 ppm. It is obtained from molybdenite and wulfenite ores and also as a by-product of copper production. Molybdenum was first discovered by Carl William Scheele in 1778 and isolated by Peter Hjelm in 1782. Molybdenum is very resistant to corrosion, has high electrical conductivity and can withstand high temperatures. Metallic molybdenum is used in the manufacture of hardened steels, tools, boiler plate, rifle barrels, propeller shafts, x-ray tubes, electrical contacts, filaments, and glass-to-metal seals.
Synonyms and Related Terms
Mo; Molybdeen (Ned.); molybdène (Fr.); Molybdän (Deut.); molibdeno (It., Esp.); molibdénio (Port.); molybden (Sven.); molybdos (Gr.); molybdenite; wulfenite; molly (moly)
Risks
- Highly toxic.
- Rembar: SDS solid metal
- MerckMillipore: SDS powder
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Flame color is green-yellow.
- Insoluble in water, dilute hydrochloric acid and alkalis.
- Reacts with nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
| Composition | Mo (atomic no. 42) |
|---|---|
| CAS | 7439-98-7 |
| Mohs Hardness | 5.5 |
| Melting Point | 2622 C |
| Density | 10.28 g/ml |
| Molecular Weight | atomic wt = 95.94 |
| Boiling Point | 4639 C |
Resources and Citations
- Chemical & Engineering News, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 81 (36) , Sept. 8, 2003 Comment: Philip Mitchell, p. 108; states discovered by Scheele in 1778
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 6317; discovered by Scheele in 1778 and isolated by Hjelm in 1782
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
- Wikipedia: Molybdenum (Accessed Sept. 10, 2005 and Dec 2025)
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 516
- Web Elements at http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Mo/key.html states discovered by Scheele in 1782