Difference between revisions of "Spruce"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | Any of several trees from the ''Picea'' family native to North America. Spruce trees, in general, have light weight, soft wood with a straight, even grain. The strong wood is easily worked. It is used for musical instrument sounding boards, ladders, cabinets, boxes, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=paper | + | Any of several trees from the ''Picea'' family native to North America. Spruce trees, in general, have light weight, soft wood with a straight, even grain. The strong wood is easily worked. It is used for musical instrument sounding boards, ladders, cabinets, boxes, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=paper%20pulp paper pulp], and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=rayon%20fiber rayon]. Examples include: black spruce (''P. mariana''), blue spruce (''P. pungens''), Engelmann spruce (''P. engelmannii''), red spruce (''P. rubens''), Sitka spruce (''P. sitchensis''), and white spruce (''P. glauca''). |
[[File:17.2206-SC29680.jpg|thumb|'''MFA Acc. #:''' 17.2206]] | [[File:17.2206-SC29680.jpg|thumb|'''MFA Acc. #:''' 17.2206]] | ||
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| − | Eastern spruce; | + | Eastern spruce; épicea (Fr.); Schwartztanne (Deut.); picea (Esp.); espruce (Port.); black spruce (''Picea mariana''); blue spruce (''Picea pungens''); Engelmann spruce (''Picea engelmannii''); red spruce (''Picea rubens''); Sitka spruce (''Picea sitchensi''); white spruce (''Picea glauca'') |
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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== Authority == | == Authority == | ||
| − | * | + | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 758 |
| − | * | + | * F. H. Titmuss, ''Commercial Timbers of the World'', The Technical Press Ltd., London, 1965 Comment: Picea glauca density = 23-33 ppcf |
* ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | * ''Dictionary of Building Preservation'', Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996 | ||
| − | * | + | * External source or communication Comment: Northern Pine Manufacturers: air-dry weight = 27pcf |
| − | * | + | * Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, ''Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them'', American Book Company, New York City, 1937 |
* ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'', Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: density=30-44 ppcf (0.48-0.70 g/cm3) | * ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'', Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: density=30-44 ppcf (0.48-0.70 g/cm3) | ||
Revision as of 06:45, 24 July 2013
Description
Any of several trees from the Picea family native to North America. Spruce trees, in general, have light weight, soft wood with a straight, even grain. The strong wood is easily worked. It is used for musical instrument sounding boards, ladders, cabinets, boxes, paper pulp, and rayon. Examples include: black spruce (P. mariana), blue spruce (P. pungens), Engelmann spruce (P. engelmannii), red spruce (P. rubens), Sitka spruce (P. sitchensis), and white spruce (P. glauca).
Synonyms and Related Terms
Eastern spruce; épicea (Fr.); Schwartztanne (Deut.); picea (Esp.); espruce (Port.); black spruce (Picea mariana); blue spruce (Picea pungens); Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii); red spruce (Picea rubens); Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensi); white spruce (Picea glauca)
| Density | 23-44 ppcf |
|---|
Additional Information
Schoch, W., Heller, I., Schweingruber, F.H., Kienast, F., 2004:Wood anatomy of central European Species: Common Spruce,Norway Spruce, Picea abies Karsten
Additional Images
Spruce (Picea spp)
Authority
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 758
- F. H. Titmuss, Commercial Timbers of the World, The Technical Press Ltd., London, 1965 Comment: Picea glauca density = 23-33 ppcf
- Dictionary of Building Preservation, Ward Bucher, ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1996
- External source or communication Comment: Northern Pine Manufacturers: air-dry weight = 27pcf
- Edward Reich, Carlton J. Siegler, Consumer Goods: How to Know and Use Them, American Book Company, New York City, 1937
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: density=30-44 ppcf (0.48-0.70 g/cm3)