Ethyl alcohol: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
== Risks == | == Risks == | ||
Highly flammable. Flash point = 14 C (60F). | * Highly flammable. Flash point = 14 C (60F). | ||
* Inhalation, and skin contact can cause irritation. | |||
Inhalation, and skin contact can cause irritation. Ingestion of small amounts affects the central nervous system. Ingestion of large amounts is deadly. | * Ingestion of small amounts affects the central nervous system. | ||
* Ingestion of large amounts is deadly. | |||
ThermoFisher: [https://www.fishersci.com/msdsproxy%3FproductName%3DA405P4%26productDescription%3DETHANOL%2BAHYD%2BHISTO%2B4L%26catNo%3DA405P-4%2B%26vendorId%3DVN00033897%26storeId%3D10652 SDS] | * ThermoFisher: [https://www.fishersci.com/msdsproxy%3FproductName%3DA405P4%26productDescription%3DETHANOL%2BAHYD%2BHISTO%2B4L%26catNo%3DA405P-4%2B%26vendorId%3DVN00033897%26storeId%3D10652 SDS] | ||
== Physical and Chemical Properties == | == Physical and Chemical Properties == | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Melting Point | ! scope="row"| Melting Point | ||
| -114.1 | | -114.1 C | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| 0.789 | | 0.789 g/ml | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ||
| 78.5 | | 78.5 C | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:18, 5 August 2022
Description
A clear, colorless, hygroscopic liquid with a pleasant odor. Ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, is primarily used as a solvent and as an intoxicating beverage. Ethanol forms a binary azeotrope with water that boils at 78.15C and contains 95.57% ethanol and 4.43% water. The addition of benzene allows the mixture to be redistilled without the water. Ethyl alcohol is sold in many grades marked as 95%, absolute (100% or anhydrous), denatured, industrial, or listed as proofs (one-half the proof is the percentage of alcohol). In art and conservation, ethanol has been used as a solvent for shellac and Mastic, as a diluent for fixatives, and as a wetting agent. When used as a solvent for resins, the ethanol must be dry because any moisture will produce a white haze in the varnish film.
Synonyms and Related Terms
ethanol (IUPAC); alcohol; grain alcohol; absolute alcohol, EtOH, anhydrous alcohol; dehydrated alcohol; ethyl hydrate; ethyl hydroxide; Cologne spirits; colonial spirits; rectified spirits; spirits of wine; fermentation alcohol
Risks
- Highly flammable. Flash point = 14 C (60F).
- Inhalation, and skin contact can cause irritation.
- Ingestion of small amounts affects the central nervous system.
- Ingestion of large amounts is deadly.
- ThermoFisher: SDS
Physical and Chemical Properties
Miscible with water, methanol, ether, chloroform, acetone.
| Composition | C2H5OH |
|---|---|
| CAS | 64-17-5 |
| Melting Point | -114.1 C |
| Density | 0.789 g/ml |
| Molecular Weight | mol. wt.= 46.08 |
| Refractive Index | 1.359 |
| Boiling Point | 78.5 C |
Comparisons
Resources and Citations
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
- The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 3806
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index=1.359