Difference between revisions of "Titanite"

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[[File:pt20729titanite.jpg|thumb|Titanite]]
 
[[File:pt20729titanite.jpg|thumb|Titanite]]
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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[[File:sphene_corrected2.jpg|thumb|Sphene crystals]]
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Small yellow, gray, green or brown crystals occasionally used as [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=gemstone gemstones]. Titanite, or sphene, is composed of calcium titanium silicate. It is often associated with [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=granite granite]. Deposits have been found in Canada (Ontario), Mexico, Austria (Tirol), Italy (Trentino), Norway, Switzerland, Madagascar, and the U. S. (New York, Montana, California).
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Small yellow, gray, green or brown crystals occasionally used as [[gemstone|gemstones]]. Titanite, or sphene, is composed of calcium titanium silicate and is often associated with [[granite|granite]]. Deposits have been found in Canada (Ontario), Mexico, Austria (Tirol), Italy (Trentino), Norway, Switzerland, Madagascar, and the U. S. (New York, Montana, California). Sphene has good luster and fire but is too soft for general wear.  
  
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
 
sphene; Titanit (Deut.); Sphen (Deut.); titanita (Esp.); titanite (Fr.); tytanit (Pol.); titanite, esfena (Port.); titaniet (Ned.)
 
sphene; Titanit (Deut.); Sphen (Deut.); titanita (Esp.); titanite (Fr.); tytanit (Pol.); titanite, esfena (Port.); titaniet (Ned.)
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|TitaniteRS.jpg~Raman (RASMIN)|Titaniteitaly1.jpg~Raman (U of Parma)]]]
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== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
  
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|TitaniteRS.jpg~Raman|Titaniteitaly1.jpg~Raman]]]
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* Brittle, wedge-shaped monoclinic crystals   
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* Distinct cleavage in one direction; good in another
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== Other Properties ==
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* Luster = adamantine to resinous  
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* Fracture = conchoidal to splintery
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Brittle, wedge-shaped monoclinic crystals. Good cleavage in one direction.  
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* Streak = reddish-white   
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* Fluorescence = none
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Fracture = conchoidal.  Streak = white. Luster = vitreous to adamantine. 
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* Pleochroism = moderate to strong trichroic (colorless - yellow to green - red to yellow-orange)
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* Dispersion = very strong fire
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No fluorescence under UV.
 
  
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
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|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Density
 
! scope="row"| Density
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| 3.4-3.6
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| 3.4-3.6 g/ml
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Refractive Index
 
! scope="row"| Refractive Index
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| 1.885-1.990; 1.915-2.050
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| 1.84 - 2.11
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|-
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! scope="row"| Birefringence
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| 0.100 - 0.135 (visible doubling)
 
|}
 
|}
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== Additional Information ==
 
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Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Titanite.shtml Titanite]
 
  
 
== Comparisons ==
 
== Comparisons ==
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[[media:download_file_447.pdf|Natural and Simulated Diamonds]]
 
[[media:download_file_447.pdf|Natural and Simulated Diamonds]]
  
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==Resources and Citations==
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* Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
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== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
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* Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Titanite.shtml Titanite]
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "sphene" [Accessed December 4, 2001]
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "sphene" Encyclopædia Britannica [Accessed December 4, 2001]
 
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* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
 
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
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* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanite Titanite] (Accessed Sept. 17, 2005 and Dec 2022)
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* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanite (Accessed Sept. 17, 2005)
 
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* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
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* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
 
* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
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* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
  

Latest revision as of 14:56, 19 December 2022

Titanite

Description

Sphene crystals

Small yellow, gray, green or brown crystals occasionally used as gemstones. Titanite, or sphene, is composed of calcium titanium silicate and is often associated with Granite. Deposits have been found in Canada (Ontario), Mexico, Austria (Tirol), Italy (Trentino), Norway, Switzerland, Madagascar, and the U. S. (New York, Montana, California). Sphene has good luster and fire but is too soft for general wear.

Synonyms and Related Terms

sphene; Titanit (Deut.); Sphen (Deut.); titanita (Esp.); titanite (Fr.); tytanit (Pol.); titanite, esfena (Port.); titaniet (Ned.)

Raman (RASMIN)

TitaniteRS.jpg

Raman (U of Parma)

Titaniteitaly1.jpg

Physical and Chemical Properties

  • Brittle, wedge-shaped monoclinic crystals
  • Distinct cleavage in one direction; good in another
  • Luster = adamantine to resinous
  • Fracture = conchoidal to splintery
  • Streak = reddish-white
  • Fluorescence = none
  • Pleochroism = moderate to strong trichroic (colorless - yellow to green - red to yellow-orange)
  • Dispersion = very strong fire
Composition CaTiSiO5
Mohs Hardness 5.0 - 5.5
Density 3.4-3.6 g/ml
Refractive Index 1.84 - 2.11
Birefringence 0.100 - 0.135 (visible doubling)

Comparisons

Natural and Simulated Diamonds

Resources and Citations

  • Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
  • Mineralogy Database: Titanite
  • Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "sphene" [Accessed December 4, 2001]
  • C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
  • Wikipedia: Titanite (Accessed Sept. 17, 2005 and Dec 2022)
  • Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  • Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  • The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998

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