Difference between revisions of "Aramid fiber"

Latest revision as of 18:41, 6 July 2023

Nomex® Soft Wrap

Description

Aramid fiber

A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polyamide in which at least 85% of the amide linkages are directly attached to two aromatic rings (Federal Trade Commission definition). Two types of aramids, meta-aramid (e.g., Nomex®) and para-aramid (e.g., Kevlar®) are made. Both types of aramid fibers are lightweight and provide extremely high strength. They also have excellent temperature, abrasion and stretch resistance. In addition, meta-aramids are soft and electrically conductive. Para-aramids are stiff, and have greater tenacity and strength than the meta-aramids. However, para-aramids are sensitive to chemicals and will degrade in the presence of acids, alkalis and bleaches. In general, aramids are used in many applications such as bulletproof vests, aerospace construction, protective clothing, high pressure hoses, tires, ropes and high strength honeycomb foams ("HRH 10").

Synonyms and Related Terms

aromatic polyamide (full name); aramid fibre; Nomex® [DuPont]; Kevlar® (originally Fiber B) [DuPont]; TeijinConex® [Teijin]; Twaron® [Azko]; Technora® [Teijin]; Fenilon; Arenka®; Kermel; meta-aramid; para-aramid; Aramidfasern (Deut.); fibre aramide (Fr.); fibra de aramida (Esp.); aramide (Ned.)aromatic polyamide (full name); aramid fibre; Nomex® [DuPont]; Kevlar® (originally Fiber B) [DuPont]; TeijinConex® [Teijin]; Twaron® [Azko]; Technora® [Teijin]; Fenilon; Arenka®; Kermel; meta-aramid; para-aramid; Aramidfasern (Deut.); fibre aramide (Fr.); fibra de aramida (Esp.); aramide (Ned.)

FTIR

Chemical structure

Risks

Nonflammable.
Degrades in ultraviolet light

Physical and Chemical Properties

Resistant to most organic solvents.
Para-aramids are degraded by acids, alkalis and oxidizing agents.
Tenacity = 4.2-32.5 g/denier (dry); 3.2-18 (wet)
Elongation 3-30% (dry); 4-27% (wet)
Moisture regain = 3.5-7.0 %
Density = 1.38-1.45 g/ml
Melting Point > 410 C

Comparisons

Properties of Synthetic Fibers

Fiber Burn Tests

Resources and Citations

J.Gordon Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres, Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England Comment: p.329

Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985 Comment: moisture regain = 2-3%

Marjory L. Joseph, Introductory Textile Science, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, TX, 1986

Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramid (Accessed Oct. 18, 2005)

Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993

Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997

Meredith Montague, contributed information, 1998

Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988

Website: www.textileworld.com/categories/9905/fibers/html

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:017-3710.jpg|thumb|Nomex® Soft Wrap]]
 == Description ==
+[[File:kevlarfiberslarge.jpg|thumb|Aramid fiber]]
+A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polyamide in which at least 85% of the amide linkages are directly attached to two aromatic rings (Federal Trade Commission definition). Two types of aramids, meta-aramid (e.g., [[Nomex|Nomex®]]) and para-aramid (e.g., [[Kevlar|Kevlar®]]) are made. Both types of aramid fibers are lightweight and provide extremely high strength. They also have excellent temperature, abrasion and stretch resistance. In addition, meta-aramids are soft and electrically conductive. Para-aramids are stiff, and have greater tenacity and strength than the meta-aramids. However, para-aramids are sensitive to chemicals and will degrade in the presence of acids, alkalis and bleaches. In general, aramids are used in many applications such as bulletproof vests, aerospace construction, protective clothing, high pressure hoses, tires, ropes and high strength honeycomb foams ("HRH 10").
-A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polyamide in which at least 85% of the amide linkages are directly attached to two aromatic rings (Federal Trade Commission definition). Two types of aramids, meta-aramid (e.g., [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Nomex%C2%AE Nomex®]) and para-aramid (e.g., [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=Kevlar%C2%AE Kevlar®]) are made. Both types of aramid fibers are lightweight and provide extremely high strength. They also have excellent temperature, abrasion and stretch resistance. In addition, meta-aramids are soft and electrically conductive. Para-aramids are stiff, and have greater tenacity and strength than the meta-aramids. However, para-aramids are sensitive to chemicals and will degrade in the presence of acids, alkalis and bleaches. In general, aramids are used in many applications such as bulletproof vests, aerospace construction, protective clothing, high pressure hoses, tires, ropes and high strength honeycomb foams ("HRH 10").
-[[File:kevlarfiberslarge.jpg|thumb|Aramid fiber]]
 == Synonyms and Related Terms ==
@@ Line 10: / Line 9: @@
 [[[SliderGallery rightalign|aaiKEVLAR.jpg~FTIR|KevlarchemistructureF5.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
+== Risks ==
-== Other Properties ==
+* Nonflammable.
+* Degrades in ultraviolet light
-Resistant to most organic solvents.  Para-aramids are degraded by acids, alkalis and oxidizing agents. Tenacity = 4.2-32.5 g/denier (dry); 3.2-18 (wet);  Elongation 3-30% (dry); 4-27% (wet);   Moisture regain = 3.5-7.0 %.
+== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
-{| class="wikitable"
+* Resistant to most organic solvents.
-|-
+* Para-aramids are degraded by acids, alkalis and oxidizing agents.
-! scope="row"| Melting Point
+* Tenacity = 4.2-32.5 g/denier (dry); 3.2-18 (wet)
-| > 410
+* Elongation 3-30% (dry); 4-27% (wet)
-|-
+* Moisture regain = 3.5-7.0 %
-! scope="row"| Density
+* Density = 1.38-1.45 g/ml
-| 1.38-1.45
+* Melting Point > 410 C
-|}
-== Hazards and Safety ==
-Nonflammable.  Degrades in ultraviolet light
-== Additional Information ==
-° M. Joseph, ''Introductory Textile Science'', Holt Reinhold &amp; Winston, Fort Worth, 1986.° G.Cook, ''Handbook of Textile Fibres:II. Man-made Fibres'', 5th edition, Merrow Publishing Co., Durham, England, 1984, p. 326
 == Comparisons ==
@@ Line 38: / Line 30: @@
 [[media:download_file_57.pdf|Fiber Burn Tests]]
+== Resources and Citations ==
-== Authority ==
 * J.Gordon Cook, ''Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres'', Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England  Comment: p.329
@@ Line 48: / Line 38: @@
 * Marjory L. Joseph, ''Introductory Textile Science'', Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, TX, 1986
-* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramid (Accessed Oct. 18, 2005)
+* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aramid (Accessed Oct. 18, 2005)
 * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
@@ Line 58: / Line 48: @@
 * Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988
-* Website address 1  Comment: www.textileworld.com/categories/9905/fibers/html
+* Website: www.textileworld.com/categories/9905/fibers/html
 [[Category:Materials database]]