Difference between revisions of "Cobalt pigments"
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| + | [[File:08.475-CR10038-d1.jpg|thumb|Dutch candlestick<br>MFA# 08.475]] | ||
| + | == Description == | ||
| + | Cobalt pigments are very stable, inert, unaffected by most chemicals and are not light sensitive. The most common cobalt pigment, [[cobalt_blue|cobalt blue]], is a cobalt aluminate and it was discovered in 1802. [[cerulean_blue|Cerulean blue]] is also a cobalt pigment (cobalt stannate). Cobaltic oxide is a black powder, [[cobaltic_oxide|cobalt black]], that was used since the 8th century to give a brilliant blue color glaze and enamel. [[cobalt_green|Cobalt green]](cobalt oxide with some zinc oxide), [[cobalt_violet|cobalt violet] (cobalt phosphate or cobalt arsenate) and [[cobalt_yellow|cobalt yellow]] (potassium cobalt nitrite) were discovered by the mid-nineteenth century. [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=smalt Smalt], the earliest cobalt containing pigment, is actually glass which is colored with cobalt oxide and reduced to a powder. | ||
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| + | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| + | |||
| + | pigmentos de cobalto (Esp., Port.); pigments de cobalt (Fr.); pigmenti al cobalto (It.) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Examples include: cobalt blue; Thenard's blue; Leithner blue; kings blue; zaffre; smalt; cobalt green; Rinman's green; zinc green; cobalt violet; cobalt red; cobalt yellow; aureolin; Dumont's blue; royal blue; cerulean blue; cobalt black; | ||
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| + | == Risks == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * In general, cobalt pigments are moderately toxic. | ||
| + | * Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles. | ||
| + | * Chronic inhalation may cause asthma. | ||
| + | * Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and sensation of hotness. | ||
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| + | ==Resources and Citations== | ||
| + | * R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 | ||
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| + | * Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing) | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979 | ||
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| + | [[Category:Materials database]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:03, 30 May 2022
Description
Cobalt pigments are very stable, inert, unaffected by most chemicals and are not light sensitive. The most common cobalt pigment, Cobalt blue, is a cobalt aluminate and it was discovered in 1802. Cerulean blue is also a cobalt pigment (cobalt stannate). Cobaltic oxide is a black powder, cobalt black, that was used since the 8th century to give a brilliant blue color glaze and enamel. Cobalt green(cobalt oxide with some zinc oxide), [[cobalt_violet|cobalt violet] (cobalt phosphate or cobalt arsenate) and Cobalt yellow (potassium cobalt nitrite) were discovered by the mid-nineteenth century. Smalt, the earliest cobalt containing pigment, is actually glass which is colored with cobalt oxide and reduced to a powder.
Synonyms and Related Terms
pigmentos de cobalto (Esp., Port.); pigments de cobalt (Fr.); pigmenti al cobalto (It.)
Examples include: cobalt blue; Thenard's blue; Leithner blue; kings blue; zaffre; smalt; cobalt green; Rinman's green; zinc green; cobalt violet; cobalt red; cobalt yellow; aureolin; Dumont's blue; royal blue; cerulean blue; cobalt black;
Risks
- In general, cobalt pigments are moderately toxic.
- Skin contact may cause allergies, especially on elbows, neck and ankles.
- Chronic inhalation may cause asthma.
- Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea and sensation of hotness.
Resources and Citations
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979