Difference between revisions of "Fluorescein"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
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A bright, orange to red crystalline powder that reacts with alkalis to form an intense green [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=fluorescence fluorescence]. Fluorescein is used for the detection of soluble hydroxides, carbonates, and ammonia. It is sensitive to the part per billion level. Its UV absorption maxima occur at 493.4 and 460 nm. Fluorescein is used as an indicator and as a textile dye. In the late 19th century, fluorescein was used as a yellow dye on [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=wool wool] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=silk silk] without a mordant.
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A bright, orange to red crystalline powder that reacts with alkalis to form an intense green [[fluorescence]]. Fluorescein is used for the detection of soluble hydroxides, carbonates, and ammonia. It is sensitive to the part per billion level. Its UV absorption maxima occur at 493.4 and 460 nm. Fluorescein is used as an indicator and as a textile dye. In the late 19th century, fluorescein was used as a yellow dye on [[wool]] and [[silk]] without a mordant.
  
 
[[File:Fluorescein_ethanol_abs.ems.jpg|thumb|Absorption and fluorescence emission spectra]]
 
[[File:Fluorescein_ethanol_abs.ems.jpg|thumb|Absorption and fluorescence emission spectra]]
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== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
 
Solvent Yellow 94; CI 45350:1; D&C Yellow No.7; 3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one; resorcinolphthalein; Fluorescein (Deut.); fluorescéïne (Fr.); diresorcinolphthalein;
 
Solvent Yellow 94; CI 45350:1; D&C Yellow No.7; 3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one; resorcinolphthalein; Fluorescein (Deut.); fluorescéïne (Fr.); diresorcinolphthalein;
  
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== Other Properties ==
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== Risks ==
  
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Soluble in hot ethanol, glacial acetic acid.  Soluble in alkalis and ammonia producing a bright green fluorescence. Insoluble in water, benzene, chloroform, ether.
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* Combustible.   
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* ThermoFisher: [https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=AC119241000&productDescription=FLUORESCEIN+100GR&vendorId=VN00032119&countryCode=US&language=en SDS]
  
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The fluorescence of fluorescein changes with pH (colorless below pH=4.0 and fluorescent green above 4.5)
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==Physical and Chemical Properties==
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* Soluble in hot ethanol, glacial acetic acid.  Soluble in alkalis and ammonia producing a bright green fluorescence.  Insoluble in water, benzene, chloroform, ether.
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* The fluorescence of fluorescein changes with pH (colorless below pH=4.0 and fluorescent green above 4.5)
  
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Melting Point
 
! scope="row"| Melting Point
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| 314-316
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| 314-316 C
 
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! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
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|}
 
|}
  
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== Hazards and Safety ==
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==Resources and Citations==
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Combustible. 
 
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Mallinckrodt Baker: [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/f3042.htm MSDS]
 
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== Authority ==
 
  
 
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
 
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993

Latest revision as of 10:11, 25 July 2022

Absorption and fluorescence emission spectra

Description

A bright, orange to red crystalline powder that reacts with alkalis to form an intense green Fluorescence. Fluorescein is used for the detection of soluble hydroxides, carbonates, and ammonia. It is sensitive to the part per billion level. Its UV absorption maxima occur at 493.4 and 460 nm. Fluorescein is used as an indicator and as a textile dye. In the late 19th century, fluorescein was used as a yellow dye on Wool and Silk without a mordant.

Absorption and fluorescence emission spectra

Synonyms and Related Terms

Solvent Yellow 94; CI 45350:1; D&C Yellow No.7; 3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one; resorcinolphthalein; Fluorescein (Deut.); fluorescéïne (Fr.); diresorcinolphthalein;

Risks

  • Combustible.
  • ThermoFisher: SDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

  • Soluble in hot ethanol, glacial acetic acid. Soluble in alkalis and ammonia producing a bright green fluorescence. Insoluble in water, benzene, chloroform, ether.
  • The fluorescence of fluorescein changes with pH (colorless below pH=4.0 and fluorescent green above 4.5)
Composition C20H12O5
CAS 2321-07-2
Melting Point 314-316 C
Molecular Weight mol. wt. = 332.32

Resources and Citations

  • Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry # 4194
  • CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: The fluorescence of fluorescein changes with pH. It is colorless below pH=4.0 and above 4.5, it fluoresces green.
  • Sigma Dyes, Stains and Natural Pigments, Infrared Library, Nicolet, 1991-1995
  • F. Crace-Calvert, Dyeing and Calico Printing, Palmer & Howe, London, 1876 Comment: p. 251

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