Difference between revisions of "Fluorescent minerals"

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[[File:Fluorescent-minerals.jpg|thumb|Fluorescent minerals]]
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
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test1 test test
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Minerals that have the unique physical property to absorb light and one wavelength and instantaneously release it at a different wavelength, resulting in a temporary color change to the eye of the human observer.  Only about 15% of minerals are able to fluoresce.  The fluorescence is usually due to a cation activator, such as: tungsten, molybdenum, lead, boron, titanium, manganese, uranium, and chromium, but some rare earth elements are also able to contribute to the phenomenon.  Some trace elements, such as iron or copper, can quench the fluorscence. Most minerals fluoresce a single color, but some may have multiple colors; for example calcite can fluoresce red, blue, white, pink, green and orange.  Because of the potential for many varying factors, the fluorescence of mineral is not typically used for its identification.
  
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&epsilon (from help page - doesn't seem to work)
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* '''Phosphorescence:'''
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While fluorescent minerals stop glowing when the light source is turned off, minerals that are phosphorescent continue to emit light.  Minerals that can sometimes exhibit phosphorescence are: calcite, celestite, colemanite, fluorite, sphalerite, and willemite.
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* '''Thermoluminescence:'''
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Heating a mineral to temperatures as low as 50-200 degrees Celsius may also produce the emission of light. Some minerals that exhibit thermoluminescence are: apatite, calcite, chlorophane, fluorite, lepidolite, scapolite, and some feldspars.
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* '''Triboluminescence:'''
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Additionally, some mineral may emit light due to a mechanical energy, such as striking, crushing, or scratching.  Potential triboluminescent minerals are: amblygonite, calcite, fluorite, lepidolite, pectolite, quartz, sphalerite, and some feldspars.
  
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for instance m (from your email - the mu did not insert)
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== Examples ==
  
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µ (from my computer)
 
  
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For instance µm (from my computer with text on both sides)
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{| class="wikitable"
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|-
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! scope="row"| Mineral
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| '''Composition'''
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| '''Visible color'''
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| '''Fluorescent color'''
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|-
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! scope="row"| Apatite
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| Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)
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| pale green to purple
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| pink, blue, greenish yellow
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|-
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! scope="row"| Calcite
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| CaCO3
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| colorless to white
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| red, blue, pink, green, orange
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|-
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! scope="row"| Cerrusite
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| PbCO3
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| colorless to white
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| yellowish
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|-
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! scope="row"| Chalcedony
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| SiO2
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| white, blue, pink
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| variable
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|-
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! scope="row"| Corundum
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| Al2O3
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| red (ruby), blue (sapphire)
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| red (ruby), none (sapphire)
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|-
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! scope="row"| Fluorite
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| CaF2
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| colorless, white, pale blue, green
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| blue-violet
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|-
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! scope="row"| Quartz
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| SiO2
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| colorless, purple
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| variable
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|-
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! scope="row"| Scheelite
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| CaWO4
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| colorless, white, gray brown, yellow, orange, red, green
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| bright blue, white, yellow
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|-
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! scope="row"| Sphalerite
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| (Zn,Fe)S
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| yellow, brown, gray, black
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| lighter specimens = yellowish
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|-
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! scope="row"| Willemite
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| Zn2SiO4
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| colorless, white, gray, red, brown
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| strong white, green
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|-
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|}
  
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: é, è, ô, ñ, ã, ü  (from your email)
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== Comparisons ==
  
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== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
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[[media:download_file_171.pdf|Properties of Common Abrasives]]
  
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hello
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[[media:download_file_412.pdf|Properties of Common Gemstones]]
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[[media:download_file_413.pdf|Natural and Simulated Diamonds]]
  
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== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
 
  
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* Thomas Gregory, ''The Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Reinhold Publishing, New York, 3rd ed., 1942
 
  
  
  
 
[[Category:Materials database]]
 
[[Category:Materials database]]

Latest revision as of 11:06, 25 July 2022

Fluorescent minerals

Description

Minerals that have the unique physical property to absorb light and one wavelength and instantaneously release it at a different wavelength, resulting in a temporary color change to the eye of the human observer. Only about 15% of minerals are able to fluoresce. The fluorescence is usually due to a cation activator, such as: tungsten, molybdenum, lead, boron, titanium, manganese, uranium, and chromium, but some rare earth elements are also able to contribute to the phenomenon. Some trace elements, such as iron or copper, can quench the fluorscence. Most minerals fluoresce a single color, but some may have multiple colors; for example calcite can fluoresce red, blue, white, pink, green and orange. Because of the potential for many varying factors, the fluorescence of mineral is not typically used for its identification.

  • Phosphorescence:

While fluorescent minerals stop glowing when the light source is turned off, minerals that are phosphorescent continue to emit light. Minerals that can sometimes exhibit phosphorescence are: calcite, celestite, colemanite, fluorite, sphalerite, and willemite.

  • Thermoluminescence:

Heating a mineral to temperatures as low as 50-200 degrees Celsius may also produce the emission of light. Some minerals that exhibit thermoluminescence are: apatite, calcite, chlorophane, fluorite, lepidolite, scapolite, and some feldspars.

  • Triboluminescence:

Additionally, some mineral may emit light due to a mechanical energy, such as striking, crushing, or scratching. Potential triboluminescent minerals are: amblygonite, calcite, fluorite, lepidolite, pectolite, quartz, sphalerite, and some feldspars.

Examples

Mineral Composition Visible color Fluorescent color
Apatite Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) pale green to purple pink, blue, greenish yellow
Calcite CaCO3 colorless to white red, blue, pink, green, orange
Cerrusite PbCO3 colorless to white yellowish
Chalcedony SiO2 white, blue, pink variable
Corundum Al2O3 red (ruby), blue (sapphire) red (ruby), none (sapphire)
Fluorite CaF2 colorless, white, pale blue, green blue-violet
Quartz SiO2 colorless, purple variable
Scheelite CaWO4 colorless, white, gray brown, yellow, orange, red, green bright blue, white, yellow
Sphalerite (Zn,Fe)S yellow, brown, gray, black lighter specimens = yellowish
Willemite Zn2SiO4 colorless, white, gray, red, brown strong white, green

Comparisons

Properties of Common Abrasives

Properties of Common Gemstones

Natural and Simulated Diamonds

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