Difference between revisions of "Spessartine"
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| + | [[File:Spessartine-t08-49a.jpg|thumb|Spessartine garnet; image credit Rob Lavinsky, [https://www.irocks.com/ iRocks.com]]] | ||
| + | == Description == | ||
[[File:ps30275spessartine.jpg|thumb|Spessartine]] | [[File:ps30275spessartine.jpg|thumb|Spessartine]] | ||
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A [[garnet|garnet]] composed of manganese aluminum silicate. The color of spessartine may range from an orange-yellow to brownish-red. Gem quality stones are mined in Germany, Malagasy Republic, India, and the United States (Colorado and Maine). Historically, spessartine [[gemstone|gemstones]] are rare but a few have been found dating to the 2nd and 3rd century BCE (Odgen 1982). | A [[garnet|garnet]] composed of manganese aluminum silicate. The color of spessartine may range from an orange-yellow to brownish-red. Gem quality stones are mined in Germany, Malagasy Republic, India, and the United States (Colorado and Maine). Historically, spessartine [[gemstone|gemstones]] are rare but a few have been found dating to the 2nd and 3rd century BCE (Odgen 1982). | ||
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== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
garnet; spessartite; espesartina (Esp;); Spessartin (Deut.); spessartien (Ned.) | garnet; spessartite; espesartina (Esp;); Spessartin (Deut.); spessartien (Ned.) | ||
| − | + | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|Spessartine IR-ATR RRUFF R050063.png~IR-ATR (RRUFF)|Spessartine Raman RRUFF R050063.png~Raman (RRUFF)|spessartineRS.jpg~Raman (RASMIN)]]] | |
| − | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|spessartineRS.jpg~Raman]]] | ||
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== Physical and Chemical Properties == | == Physical and Chemical Properties == | ||
| − | + | * Isometric crystal system with massive to crystalline habit | |
| − | * Fracture = conchoidal | + | * Cleavage = none |
| − | * Luster = vitreous to resinous | + | * Fracture = conchoidal |
| − | * Streak = colorless | + | * Luster = vitreous to resinous |
| + | * Streak = colorless to white | ||
| + | * Fluorescence = inert | ||
| + | * Birefringence = none | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Mohs Hardness | ! scope="row"| Mohs Hardness | ||
| − | | | + | | 6.5 - 7.5 |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
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! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ||
| 1.800-1.810 | | 1.800-1.810 | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! scope="row"| Dispersion | ||
| + | | 0.027 (weak fire) | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 36: | Line 39: | ||
==Resources and Citations== | ==Resources and Citations== | ||
| + | * Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016. | ||
| + | * Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spessartine Spessartine] (Accessed Dec 2022) | ||
* Jack Ogden, ''Jewelry of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications, New York, 1982. | * Jack Ogden, ''Jewelry of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications, New York, 1982. | ||
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* Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Spessartine.shtml Spessartine] | * Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Spessartine.shtml Spessartine] | ||
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* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 354 | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 354 | ||
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "spessartine." Accessed 20 Sept. 2005 . | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "spessartine." Accessed 20 Sept. 2005 . | ||
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* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979 | * C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979 | ||
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* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | * Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | ||
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* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
Latest revision as of 11:51, 23 December 2022
Spessartine garnet; image credit Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com
Description
A Garnet composed of manganese aluminum silicate. The color of spessartine may range from an orange-yellow to brownish-red. Gem quality stones are mined in Germany, Malagasy Republic, India, and the United States (Colorado and Maine). Historically, spessartine gemstones are rare but a few have been found dating to the 2nd and 3rd century BCE (Odgen 1982).
Synonyms and Related Terms
garnet; spessartite; espesartina (Esp;); Spessartin (Deut.); spessartien (Ned.)
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Isometric crystal system with massive to crystalline habit
- Cleavage = none
- Fracture = conchoidal
- Luster = vitreous to resinous
- Streak = colorless to white
- Fluorescence = inert
- Birefringence = none
| Composition | 3MnO-Al2O3-3SiO2 |
|---|---|
| Mohs Hardness | 6.5 - 7.5 |
| Density | 4.15 g/ml |
| Refractive Index | 1.800-1.810 |
| Dispersion | 0.027 (weak fire) |
Comparisons
Properties of Common Gemstones
Resources and Citations
- Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
- Wikipedia: Spessartine (Accessed Dec 2022)
- Jack Ogden, Jewelry of the Ancient World, Rizzoli International Publications, New York, 1982.
- Mineralogy Database: Spessartine
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 354
- Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "spessartine." Accessed 20 Sept. 2005 .
- C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998