Difference between revisions of "Kyanite"
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[[File:Kyaniteemr1.jpg|thumb|Kyanite]] | [[File:Kyaniteemr1.jpg|thumb|Kyanite]] | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | + | [[File:Kyaniteemr2.jpg|thumb|Kyanite]] | |
A natural bluish-green aluminum silicate mineral. Kyanite has transparent, triclinic long-bladed crystals that appear fibrous or blade-like. It is a common mineral; most of the world's production is from mines in India, Kenya, Ural Mountains, Austria, Italy (Trentino), Switzerland, France and the United States (Massachusetts, Connecticut, North Carolina, Georgia, Virginia). Some clear blue kyanite crystals have been used as [[gemstone|gemstones]]. Kyanite powder, obtained from Florida beach sands, is used for glassmaking and [[ceramic|ceramics]]. Since kyanite is [[refractory material|refractory]], it is commonly used for lining furnaces. A synthetic kyanite, called Cerox ceramic, is also used for furnace parts. | A natural bluish-green aluminum silicate mineral. Kyanite has transparent, triclinic long-bladed crystals that appear fibrous or blade-like. It is a common mineral; most of the world's production is from mines in India, Kenya, Ural Mountains, Austria, Italy (Trentino), Switzerland, France and the United States (Massachusetts, Connecticut, North Carolina, Georgia, Virginia). Some clear blue kyanite crystals have been used as [[gemstone|gemstones]]. Kyanite powder, obtained from Florida beach sands, is used for glassmaking and [[ceramic|ceramics]]. Since kyanite is [[refractory material|refractory]], it is commonly used for lining furnaces. A synthetic kyanite, called Cerox ceramic, is also used for furnace parts. | ||
| − | [[File: | + | [[File:Kyanite.Gile.Mtn2.jpg|thumb|Kyanite]] |
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== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
yanite; disthene; rhoetizite; Cerox ceramic; aluminum silicate; Kyanit (Deut.); Cyanit (Deut.); cianite (It., Port.); kyaniet (Ned.) | yanite; disthene; rhoetizite; Cerox ceramic; aluminum silicate; Kyanit (Deut.); Cyanit (Deut.); cianite (It., Port.); kyaniet (Ned.) | ||
| − | == | + | ==Physical and Chemical Properties== |
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| − | Mohs hardness is 4-5 lengthwise and 6-7 crosswise. | + | * Triclinic system. |
| + | * Luster = vitreous to pearly. | ||
| + | * Fracture = splintery. | ||
| + | * Streak = colorless. | ||
| + | * Cleavage is perfect lengthwise and good in another direction. | ||
| + | * Mohs hardness is 4-5 lengthwise and 6-7 crosswise. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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! scope="row"| Melting Point | ! scope="row"| Melting Point | ||
| − | | 3290 | + | | 3290 C |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| − | | 3.56-3.67 | + | | 3.56-3.67 g/ml |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ||
| 1.71; 1.72; 1.73 | | 1.71; 1.72; 1.73 | ||
|} | |} | ||
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== Additional Images == | == Additional Images == | ||
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</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| − | + | ==Resources and Citations== | |
| − | == | + | * Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Kyanite.shtml Kyanite] |
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* Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992 | * Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992 | ||
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* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
| − | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "kyanite" | + | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "kyanite" [Accessed December 4, 2001]. |
| − | * Wikipedia | + | * Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyanite (Accessed Sept. 7, 2005) |
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 434 | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 434 | ||
Revision as of 09:16, 6 October 2022
Description
A natural bluish-green aluminum silicate mineral. Kyanite has transparent, triclinic long-bladed crystals that appear fibrous or blade-like. It is a common mineral; most of the world's production is from mines in India, Kenya, Ural Mountains, Austria, Italy (Trentino), Switzerland, France and the United States (Massachusetts, Connecticut, North Carolina, Georgia, Virginia). Some clear blue kyanite crystals have been used as gemstones. Kyanite powder, obtained from Florida beach sands, is used for glassmaking and ceramics. Since kyanite is refractory, it is commonly used for lining furnaces. A synthetic kyanite, called Cerox ceramic, is also used for furnace parts.
Synonyms and Related Terms
yanite; disthene; rhoetizite; Cerox ceramic; aluminum silicate; Kyanit (Deut.); Cyanit (Deut.); cianite (It., Port.); kyaniet (Ned.)
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Triclinic system.
- Luster = vitreous to pearly.
- Fracture = splintery.
- Streak = colorless.
- Cleavage is perfect lengthwise and good in another direction.
- Mohs hardness is 4-5 lengthwise and 6-7 crosswise.
| Composition | Al2O3.SiO3 |
|---|---|
| Mohs Hardness | 4 - 7 (directional) |
| Melting Point | 3290 C |
| Density | 3.56-3.67 g/ml |
| Refractive Index | 1.71; 1.72; 1.73 |
Additional Images
Kyanite
Resources and Citations
- Mineralogy Database: Kyanite
- Robert Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
- C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "kyanite" [Accessed December 4, 2001].
- Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyanite (Accessed Sept. 7, 2005)
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 434
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997