Difference between revisions of "Zeolite"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A group of naturally occurring minerals composed of alkali-hydrated aluminum silicates. Examples are analcite, chabazite, heulandite, [ | + | A group of naturally occurring minerals composed of alkali-hydrated aluminum silicates. Examples are analcite, chabazite, heulandite, [[natrolite|natrolite]], phillipsite, scolecite, stilbite, and thomosonite. Zeolites are soft, fibril minerals with numerous interconnecting voids that can absorb water as well as other liquids and gases. Additionally, zeolites have an ion-exchange capability since its alkaline cations, such as calcium, are mobile and capable of switching with other cations that pass through the cavities. By varying pressure and heat, synthetic zeolite matrices can be prepared from [[silica|silicon dioxide]] and [[aluminum%20oxide|aluminum oxide]] with selected pore sizes and textures ranging from gelatinous to sand-like. Zeolites are used as [[absorbent|absorbents]], [[catalyst|catalysts]], [[desiccant|desiccants]], filters, [[ion%20exchange%20resin|ion exchange resins]], and [[molecular%20sieve|molecular sieves]]. |
[[File:ps20510stilbite.jpg|thumb|stilbite]] | [[File:ps20510stilbite.jpg|thumb|stilbite]] | ||
Revision as of 13:20, 9 May 2016
Description
A group of naturally occurring minerals composed of alkali-hydrated aluminum silicates. Examples are analcite, chabazite, heulandite, Natrolite, phillipsite, scolecite, stilbite, and thomosonite. Zeolites are soft, fibril minerals with numerous interconnecting voids that can absorb water as well as other liquids and gases. Additionally, zeolites have an ion-exchange capability since its alkaline cations, such as calcium, are mobile and capable of switching with other cations that pass through the cavities. By varying pressure and heat, synthetic zeolite matrices can be prepared from silicon dioxide and Aluminum oxide with selected pore sizes and textures ranging from gelatinous to sand-like. Zeolites are used as absorbents, catalysts, desiccants, filters, ion exchange resins, and molecular sieves.
Synonyms and Related Terms
molecular sieve; Kaken gel; Nikka pellets; Arten gel; MicroChamber; chabazite; analcite; heulandite; natrolite; phillipsite; scolecite; stilbite; thomosonite; seolit (Dan.); Zeolith (Deut.); zeolita (Esp.); zéolithe (Fr.); zeoliet (Ned.); zeólito (Port.)
Other Properties
Hexagonal crystal system forming cube-like rhombohedrons. Luster = vitreous. Fracture = uneven. Streak = white.
| Composition | Na2O.Al2O3.xSiO2.xH2O |
|---|---|
| Mohs Hardness | 4.0 -5.0 |
| Density | 2.0-2.1 |
| Refractive Index | 1.470-1.494 |
Additional Information
° A. Dyer, "An Introduction to Zeolite Molecular Sieves', J. Wiley & Sons, London, 1988.° S. Rempel "Zeolite Molecular Traps and their use in Preventive Conservation ", WAAC Newsletter, Vol.18 No. 1 1996
Additional Images
Heulandite
Sources Checked for Data in Record
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 328
- Walter C. McCrone, John Gustave Delly, The Particle Atlas, W. McCrone Associates, Chicago, IV, 1972
- Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "Zeolite." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2004. Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service. 19 May 2004 .
- C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeolite (Accessed Sept. 20, 2005)