Difference between revisions of "Fiber"
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- vegetable: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cotton cotton], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=kapok kapok], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=linen linen], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=hemp hemp], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=jute jute]. | - vegetable: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cotton cotton], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=kapok kapok], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=linen linen], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=hemp hemp], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=jute jute]. | ||
| − | - synthetic: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=rayon | + | - synthetic: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=rayon%20fiber rayon], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=nylon%20fiber nylon], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=acetate%20fiber acetate], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=polyester%20fiber polyester], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=acrylic%20fiber acrylic]. |
| − | - mineral: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=asbestos asbestos], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=glass | + | - mineral: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=asbestos asbestos], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=glass%20fiber glass], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=carbon%20fiber carbon], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=tungsten%20fiber tungsten]. |
The types of fiber are characterized as: | The types of fiber are characterized as: | ||
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* ''Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles'', Phyllis G.Tortora, Robert S. Merkel (eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York City, 7th edition, 1996 | * ''Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles'', Phyllis G.Tortora, Robert S. Merkel (eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York City, 7th edition, 1996 | ||
| − | * | + | * Hoechst Celanese Corporation, ''Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology'' (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990 |
* ''The Dictionary of Paper'', American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980 | * ''The Dictionary of Paper'', American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980 | ||
| − | * | + | * E.J.LaBarre, ''Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making'', Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969 |
| − | * | + | * R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 |
| − | * | + | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 |
| − | * | + | * Mary-Lou Florian, Dale Paul Kronkright, Ruth E. Norton, ''The Conservation of Artifacts Made from Plant Materials'', The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1990 |
| − | * | + | * Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 |
| − | * | + | * A.Lucas, J.R.Harris, ''Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries'', Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd., London, 4th edition, 1962 |
| − | * | + | * Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988 |
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | * Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | ||
Revision as of 06:36, 24 July 2013
Description
A long, thin filament with a length at least 100 times its diameter. Fibers are used to make fabric, paper, mats and as fillers and strengtheners in composite materials.
Sources of fibers are:
- animal: wool, alpaca, mohair, angora, and silk.
- vegetable: cotton, kapok, linen, hemp, jute.
- synthetic: rayon, nylon, acetate, polyester, acrylic.
- mineral: asbestos, glass, carbon, tungsten.
The types of fiber are characterized as:
- staple: short fibers.
- monofilaments: continuous single fibers.
- tow: a continuous strand of bundled but untwisted fibers.
- yarn: a continuous strand of twisted fibers.
Synonyms and Related Terms
fibers; fibre (Br., Fr.); fibra (Esp.); vezel (Ned); fibrous substance;
Other Properties
Fibers are characterized by their shape, strength, elasticity, flexibility, weight, stability and ability to absorb moisture
Additional Information
G.Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:I. Natural Fibres, 5th edition, Merrow Publishing Co., Durham, England, 1984.
Comparisons
Properties of Synthetic Fibers
Authority
- Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles, Phyllis G.Tortora, Robert S. Merkel (eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York City, 7th edition, 1996
- Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
- The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
- E.J.LaBarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Paper-making, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 1969
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971
- Mary-Lou Florian, Dale Paul Kronkright, Ruth E. Norton, The Conservation of Artifacts Made from Plant Materials, The Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1990
- Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
- A.Lucas, J.R.Harris, Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries, Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd., London, 4th edition, 1962
- Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000