Difference between revisions of "Polyacrylonitrile"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A polymer made from the addition polymerization of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=acrylonitrile acrylonitrile]. Polyacrylonitrile was first made in the late 1930s and it quickly became an important types of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=rubber | + | A polymer made from the addition polymerization of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=acrylonitrile acrylonitrile]. Polyacrylonitrile was first made in the late 1930s and it quickly became an important types of [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=rubber%2C%20synthetic synthetic rubber]. During W.W.II, polyacrylonitrile was made into fibers for military use. After the war, DuPont began to commercially produce acrylonitrile fibers under the brand name of Orlon® in 1950. Initially all acrylonitrile fibers were called acrylic fibers. As processing variations developed, the FTC divided the types of fibers into the following two classes: |
- Acrylic fibers - contain at least 85% acrylonitrile units | - Acrylic fibers - contain at least 85% acrylonitrile units | ||
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- Modacrylic fibers - contain 35-85 % acrylonitrile units. Pure polyacrylonitrile is also used for moldings, shoe soling and wall panels. | - Modacrylic fibers - contain 35-85 % acrylonitrile units. Pure polyacrylonitrile is also used for moldings, shoe soling and wall panels. | ||
| − | See [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=acrylic | + | See [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=acrylic%20fiber acrylic fiber], and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=modacrylic%20fiber modacrylic fiber]. |
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
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PAN; poliacrilonitrilo (Esp.); polyacrylonitrile (Fr.); poliacrilonitrile (It.); poliacrilonitrilo (Port.); polyvinyl cyanide | PAN; poliacrilonitrilo (Esp.); polyacrylonitrile (Fr.); poliacrilonitrile (It.); poliacrilonitrilo (Port.); polyvinyl cyanide | ||
| − | Examples: Fiber A; | + | Examples: Fiber A; Orlon® [DuPont]; Acrilan® [Solutia]; Dynel® [Union Carbide]; Courtelle® [Courtaulds]; |
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| + | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|CreslanTestfabrics.jpg~FTIR]]] | ||
== Other Properties == | == Other Properties == | ||
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== Additional Information == | == Additional Information == | ||
| − | G.Cook, ''Handbook of Textile Fibres:II. Man-made Fibres'', 5th edition, Merrow Publishing Co., Durham, England, 1984, p393. | + | ° G.Cook, ''Handbook of Textile Fibres:II. Man-made Fibres'', 5th edition, Merrow Publishing Co., Durham, England, 1984, p393. |
== Comparisons == | == Comparisons == | ||
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== Authority == | == Authority == | ||
| − | * | + | * Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988 |
| − | * | + | * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 |
| − | * | + | * Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002 |
| − | * | + | * Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 |
| − | * | + | * J.Gordon Cook, ''Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres'', Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England |
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | * Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | ||
Revision as of 06:53, 24 July 2013
Description
A polymer made from the addition polymerization of acrylonitrile. Polyacrylonitrile was first made in the late 1930s and it quickly became an important types of synthetic rubber. During W.W.II, polyacrylonitrile was made into fibers for military use. After the war, DuPont began to commercially produce acrylonitrile fibers under the brand name of Orlon® in 1950. Initially all acrylonitrile fibers were called acrylic fibers. As processing variations developed, the FTC divided the types of fibers into the following two classes:
- Acrylic fibers - contain at least 85% acrylonitrile units
- Modacrylic fibers - contain 35-85 % acrylonitrile units. Pure polyacrylonitrile is also used for moldings, shoe soling and wall panels.
See acrylic fiber, and modacrylic fiber.
Synonyms and Related Terms
PAN; poliacrilonitrilo (Esp.); polyacrylonitrile (Fr.); poliacrilonitrile (It.); poliacrilonitrilo (Port.); polyvinyl cyanide
Examples: Fiber A; Orlon® [DuPont]; Acrilan® [Solutia]; Dynel® [Union Carbide]; Courtelle® [Courtaulds];
Other Properties
Soluble in dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide. Insoluble in alcohols, diethyl ether, water, hydrocarbons.
| Density | 1.14-1.17 |
|---|
Additional Information
° G.Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II. Man-made Fibres, 5th edition, Merrow Publishing Co., Durham, England, 1984, p393.
Comparisons
Properties of Synthetic Fibers
Authority
- Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- J.Gordon Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres, Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000