Difference between revisions of "Olefin fiber"
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
== Risks == | == Risks == | ||
| − | Shrinks at 75C (polyethylene), 120C (polypropylene). | + | * Shrinks at 75C (polyethylene), 120C (polypropylene). |
| − | + | * Burns with a heavy, sooty, waxy smoke. | |
| − | Burns with a heavy, sooty, waxy smoke. | ||
== Physical and Chemical Properties == | == Physical and Chemical Properties == | ||
| − | Soluble in perchloroethylene (do not dry-clean). Resistant to strong acids and alkalis. Cross sections = circular or elliptical. Tenacity = 1.5-8.0 g/denier | + | * Soluble in perchloroethylene (do not dry-clean). |
| + | * Resistant to strong acids and alkalis. | ||
| + | * Cross sections = circular or elliptical. | ||
| + | * Tenacity = 1.5-8.0 g/denier | ||
| + | * Moisture regain = 0.1% | ||
| + | * Elongation = 20-80% | ||
| + | * Density = 0.90-0.96 gm/cc | ||
== Comparisons == | == Comparisons == | ||
Latest revision as of 14:33, 9 August 2022
Description
A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% by weight of ethylene, propylene or other olefin units, except amorphous (noncrystalline) polyolefins qualifying as a rubber fiber (Federal Trade Commission definition). The process for making polyethylene fibers was developed in Germany by Karl Ziegler in 1954. In 1957, Giulio Natta (Montecatini, Italy) produced polypropylene fibers. Olefin fibers are lightweight, smooth and white with a slightly waxy feel. They are resistant to wear, creases, acids, alkalis, moisture, fungi and insects. Olefin fibers slowly degrade in sunlight and can be stained by oils. Olefin fibers are used to make protective clothing, carpeting, artificial grass, upholstery fabrics, and stay-dry clothing.
See Polyethylene, and Polypropylene.
Synonyms and Related Terms
olefin fibre; Olefane; Dynafilm [U.S. Industrial Chemical]; Tenite [Eastman Chemical]; Merkalon; Prolene [Industrial Rayon]; Gerfil [G.F.Chemical]; Herculon®; Tyvek® [DuPont]; Typar; Durel®; Marvess®; Polycrest®
Risks
- Shrinks at 75C (polyethylene), 120C (polypropylene).
- Burns with a heavy, sooty, waxy smoke.
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Soluble in perchloroethylene (do not dry-clean).
- Resistant to strong acids and alkalis.
- Cross sections = circular or elliptical.
- Tenacity = 1.5-8.0 g/denier
- Moisture regain = 0.1%
- Elongation = 20-80%
- Density = 0.90-0.96 gm/cc
Comparisons
Properties of Synthetic Fibers
Resources and Citations
- Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
- Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
- Marjory L. Joseph, Introductory Textile Science, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, TX, 1986
- Fairchild's Dictionary of Textiles, Phyllis G.Tortora, Robert S. Merkel (eds.), Fairchild Publications, New York City, 7th edition, 1996
- J.Gordon Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres, Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England
- Website address 1 Comment: Fibersource.com
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p.636