Difference between revisions of "Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG)"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
A synthetic crystalline material composed of yttrium aluminum oxide. The name, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is technically inaccurate, as garnet is a silicate mineral, but its properties are similar to garnets. Chemically, YAG is corundum (Al2O3) with some of the aluminum replaced by yttrium. Synthetic yttrium iron garnets (YIG) and yttrium aluminum garnets (YAG) are used as microwave bandpass filters in in lasers and communication networks. Single-crystal YAGs are also used for making artificial diamonds and gemstones. Colored variants and their doping elements include: | A synthetic crystalline material composed of yttrium aluminum oxide. The name, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is technically inaccurate, as garnet is a silicate mineral, but its properties are similar to garnets. Chemically, YAG is corundum (Al2O3) with some of the aluminum replaced by yttrium. Synthetic yttrium iron garnets (YIG) and yttrium aluminum garnets (YAG) are used as microwave bandpass filters in in lasers and communication networks. Single-crystal YAGs are also used for making artificial diamonds and gemstones. Colored variants and their doping elements include: | ||
Revision as of 12:01, 10 December 2022
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Description
A synthetic crystalline material composed of yttrium aluminum oxide. The name, yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is technically inaccurate, as garnet is a silicate mineral, but its properties are similar to garnets. Chemically, YAG is corundum (Al2O3) with some of the aluminum replaced by yttrium. Synthetic yttrium iron garnets (YIG) and yttrium aluminum garnets (YAG) are used as microwave bandpass filters in in lasers and communication networks. Single-crystal YAGs are also used for making artificial diamonds and gemstones. Colored variants and their doping elements include:
- green (chromium)
- blue (cobalt)
- red (manganese)
- yellow (titanium)
- blue/pink/purple (neodymium, depending on light source)
- pink, and orange.
The faceted synthetic gems have high clarity, durability, high refractive index and dispersion. YAG cuts and polishes like natural garnet, but it also has low heat sensitivity.
Synonyms and Related Terms
yttrium garnet; yttrium iron garnet (YIG);
Commercial names: diamite; diamonite; diamogen; Linde simulated diamond; triamond
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Luster= vitreous
- Fracture = conchoidal
- Fluorescence = none to moderate (colorless stones); none (blue and pink stones); strong yellow with phosphorescence (yellow stones); strong red in LW (green stones)
- Birefringence = none
| Composition | Y3Al5O12 |
|---|---|
| Mohs Hardness | 8.5 |
| Density | 4.5-4.6 g/ml |
| Refractive Index | 1.82-1.84 |
| Dispersion | 0.028 (weak fire) |
Comparisons
Natural and Simulated Diamonds
Resources and Citations
- Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 178
- Web Elements at http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Y/hist.html
- Wikipedia: Yttrium aluminum garnet