Difference between revisions of "Thermoplastic"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
− | A polymer that can be melted with heat then molded multiple times. Thermoplastic polymers are typically soluble in various organic solvents. Examples of thermoplastic polymers are [[vinyl resin| | + | A polymer that can be melted with heat then molded multiple times. Thermoplastic polymers are typically soluble in various organic solvents. Examples of thermoplastic polymers are [[vinyl resin|Vinyl resins]], [[Acrylic resin|Acrylics]], [[Polyethylene]], [[polystyrene]], [[cellulose acetate]], [[Polyamide|Polyamides]] along with some [[Polyester resin|Polyesters]] and [[polyurethane|Polyurethanes]]. Polymers that cannot be melted are called [[thermoset|thermosets]]. |
+ | Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins | ||
+ | {| class="wikitable" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! polymer | ||
+ | ! abbreviation/common name | ||
+ | ! Tg © | ||
+ | ! Ref.index (film) | ||
+ | ! Density | ||
+ | ! Tensile strength (1000 psi) | ||
+ | ! Flexural strength (1000 psi) | ||
+ | ! Compressive strength (1000 psi) | ||
+ | ! Elongtaion at break (%) | ||
+ | ! Shrinkage (%) | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | acetal resin | ||
+ | | AC | ||
+ | | 140 | ||
+ | | 1.51 | ||
+ | | 1.41-1.42 | ||
+ | | 8.8-10 | ||
+ | | 13-14 | ||
+ | | 18 | ||
+ | | 12-75 | ||
+ | | 180 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | acrylonitrile butadiene styrene | ||
+ | | ABS | ||
+ | | 102 | ||
+ | | 1.52 | ||
+ | | 1.05 | ||
+ | | 3.5-10.5 | ||
+ | | 5-15 | ||
+ | | 5-11 | ||
+ | | 10-100 | ||
+ | | 185 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | cellulose acetate | ||
+ | | CA | ||
+ | | 180 | ||
+ | | 1.47-1.48 | ||
+ | | 1.27-1.34 | ||
+ | | 2.3-8.1 | ||
+ | | 2.2-11.5 | ||
+ | | 2.2-10.9 | ||
+ | | 10-70 | ||
+ | | 0.1-0.7 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | cellulose acetate butyrate | ||
+ | | CAB | ||
+ | | 121 | ||
+ | | 1.47 | ||
+ | | 1.15-1.25 | ||
+ | | 2.6-6.9 | ||
+ | | 1.8-9.3 | ||
+ | | 2.1-9.4 | ||
+ | | 40-88 | ||
+ | | 0.3-0.6 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | cellulose nitrate | ||
+ | | CN | ||
+ | | 56 | ||
+ | | 1.49-1.51 | ||
+ | | 1.34-1.40 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | cyanoacrylate resin | ||
+ | | CA | ||
+ | | 165 | ||
+ | | 1.45-1.48 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | ethyl cellulose | ||
+ | | EC | ||
+ | | 130 | ||
+ | | 1.47-1.49 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | 2.3-6.5 | ||
+ | | 3.0-6.7 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | 10-40 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | fluorocarbon | ||
+ | | FKM; FEP; TFE; PTFE | ||
+ | | -22 to -<br /> 115 | ||
+ | | 1.33-1.35 | ||
+ | | 1.85-2.28 | ||
+ | | 2.0-5.0 | ||
+ | | no break | ||
+ | | 4-1.2 | ||
+ | | 75-400 | ||
+ | | 1-6 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | hydroxyethyl cellulose | ||
+ | | HEC | ||
+ | | 135-140 | ||
+ | | 1.51 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | hydroxypropyl cellulose | ||
+ | | HPC | ||
+ | | 130 | ||
+ | | 1.56 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | methyl cellulose | ||
+ | | MC | ||
+ | | 140 | ||
+ | | 1.479 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | nylon (polyamide) | ||
+ | | Nylon 6/6 | ||
+ | | 50-90 | ||
+ | | 1.53-1.56 | ||
+ | | 1.09-1.14 | ||
+ | | 11.2-13.1 | ||
+ | | 14.6 | ||
+ | | 5-13 | ||
+ | | 60-300 | ||
+ | | 0.7-1.5 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polybutyl acrylate | ||
+ | | PBA | ||
+ | | -54 | ||
+ | | 1.474 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polybutylmethacrylate | ||
+ | | PBMA | ||
+ | | 20 | ||
+ | | 1.483 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polycarbonate | ||
+ | | PC | ||
+ | | 150 | ||
+ | | 1.59 | ||
+ | | 1.2 | ||
+ | | 8-9 | ||
+ | | 11-13.5 | ||
+ | | 12.5 | ||
+ | | 75 | ||
+ | | 0.5-0.7 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polycyclohexanone | ||
+ | | ketone resin | ||
+ | | 100 | ||
+ | | 1.48-1.53 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyester | ||
+ | | PET | ||
+ | | 70 | ||
+ | | 1.55 | ||
+ | | 1.12-1.46 | ||
+ | | 6-12 | ||
+ | | 8.5-18.5 | ||
+ | | 13-36.5 | ||
+ | | 20 | ||
+ | | 2-8 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyethylene glycol | ||
+ | | PEG | ||
+ | | -55 | ||
+ | | 1.479 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyethylene vinylacetate | ||
+ | | EVA | ||
+ | | -24 | ||
+ | | 1.47-1.48 | ||
+ | | 0.94 | ||
+ | | 20-40 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | 500-1500 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyethylene, high density | ||
+ | | HDPE | ||
+ | | -110 | ||
+ | | 1.49-1.52 | ||
+ | | 0.94-0.96 | ||
+ | | 2.8-5.0 | ||
+ | | 1-4 | ||
+ | | 0.8-3.6 | ||
+ | | 10-500 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyethylene, low density | ||
+ | | LDPE | ||
+ | | -20 | ||
+ | | 1.49-1.52 | ||
+ | | 0.91-0.93 | ||
+ | | 1.0-2.4 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | 20-800 | ||
+ | | 1-3 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyethylmethacrylate | ||
+ | | PEMA | ||
+ | | 65 | ||
+ | | 1.484 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polymethylacrylate | ||
+ | | PMA | ||
+ | | 8 | ||
+ | | 1.48-1.52 | ||
+ | | 1.18-1.19 | ||
+ | | 8.7-10.5 | ||
+ | | 14-16 | ||
+ | | 14-17 | ||
+ | | 3-6 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polymethylmethacrylate | ||
+ | | PMMA | ||
+ | | 100-105 | ||
+ | | 1.489 | ||
+ | | 1.20 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polypropylene | ||
+ | | PP | ||
+ | | 5 | ||
+ | | 1.49 | ||
+ | | 0.85-0.90 | ||
+ | | 2.3-5.0 | ||
+ | | 4.5-6.0 | ||
+ | | 6-8 | ||
+ | | 10-700 | ||
+ | | 0.8-2.5 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polystyrene | ||
+ | | PS | ||
+ | | 80 | ||
+ | | 1.50-1.75 | ||
+ | | 1.05-1.08 | ||
+ | | 5-9 | ||
+ | | 7-15 | ||
+ | | 11.5-16 | ||
+ | | 1-2.5 | ||
+ | | 0.2-0.6 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyurethane | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | -50 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | 1.05 | ||
+ | | 4.5-8.0 | ||
+ | | 0.7-1.0 | ||
+ | | 20 | ||
+ | | 100-600 | ||
+ | | 0.8-1.2 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyvinyl acetate | ||
+ | | PVAC | ||
+ | | 30-45 | ||
+ | | 1.46-1.47 | ||
+ | | 1.19 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | 1-2 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyvinyl alcohol | ||
+ | | PVOH | ||
+ | | 75 | ||
+ | | 1.15 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyvinyl butyral | ||
+ | | PVB | ||
+ | | 45-66 | ||
+ | | 1.49 | ||
+ | | 1.07-1.08 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyvinylchloride (rigid) | ||
+ | | PVC | ||
+ | | 83 | ||
+ | | 1.54 | ||
+ | | 1.15-1.80 | ||
+ | | 6-9 | ||
+ | | 8-15 | ||
+ | | 10-11 | ||
+ | | 5-40 | ||
+ | | 0.2-0.4 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyvinylidene chloride | ||
+ | | PVDC | ||
+ | | -17 | ||
+ | | 1.62 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | polyvinylpyrrolidone | ||
+ | | PVP | ||
+ | | 86 | ||
+ | | 1.53 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | urea-formaldehyde | ||
+ | | UF | ||
+ | | 1.55 | ||
+ | | 1.47-1.52 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | |} | ||
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
termoplástico (Esp.); thermoplastique (Fr.); resina termoplastica (It.); termoplástico (Port.); thermoplastic resin; | termoplástico (Esp.); thermoplastique (Fr.); resina termoplastica (It.); termoplástico (Port.); thermoplastic resin; | ||
− | == | + | == For easy printing or to download == |
[[media:download_file_306.pdf|Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins]] | [[media:download_file_306.pdf|Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins]] | ||
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* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 789 | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 789 | ||
− | |||
* Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing) | * Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing) | ||
− | |||
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988 | * Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988 | ||
− | |||
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, ''Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology'' (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990 | * Hoechst Celanese Corporation, ''Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology'' (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990 | ||
− | |||
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 | * Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 | ||
− | |||
* Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002 | * Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002 | ||
− | |||
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | * Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | ||
Revision as of 13:23, 13 October 2024
Description
A polymer that can be melted with heat then molded multiple times. Thermoplastic polymers are typically soluble in various organic solvents. Examples of thermoplastic polymers are Vinyl resins, Acrylics, Polyethylene, Polystyrene, Cellulose acetate, Polyamides along with some Polyesters and Polyurethanes. Polymers that cannot be melted are called thermosets.
Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins
polymer | abbreviation/common name | Tg © | Ref.index (film) | Density | Tensile strength (1000 psi) | Flexural strength (1000 psi) | Compressive strength (1000 psi) | Elongtaion at break (%) | Shrinkage (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
acetal resin | AC | 140 | 1.51 | 1.41-1.42 | 8.8-10 | 13-14 | 18 | 12-75 | 180 |
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene | ABS | 102 | 1.52 | 1.05 | 3.5-10.5 | 5-15 | 5-11 | 10-100 | 185 |
cellulose acetate | CA | 180 | 1.47-1.48 | 1.27-1.34 | 2.3-8.1 | 2.2-11.5 | 2.2-10.9 | 10-70 | 0.1-0.7 |
cellulose acetate butyrate | CAB | 121 | 1.47 | 1.15-1.25 | 2.6-6.9 | 1.8-9.3 | 2.1-9.4 | 40-88 | 0.3-0.6 |
cellulose nitrate | CN | 56 | 1.49-1.51 | 1.34-1.40 | |||||
cyanoacrylate resin | CA | 165 | 1.45-1.48 | ||||||
ethyl cellulose | EC | 130 | 1.47-1.49 | 2.3-6.5 | 3.0-6.7 | 10-40 | |||
fluorocarbon | FKM; FEP; TFE; PTFE | -22 to - 115 |
1.33-1.35 | 1.85-2.28 | 2.0-5.0 | no break | 4-1.2 | 75-400 | 1-6 |
hydroxyethyl cellulose | HEC | 135-140 | 1.51 | ||||||
hydroxypropyl cellulose | HPC | 130 | 1.56 | ||||||
methyl cellulose | MC | 140 | 1.479 | ||||||
nylon (polyamide) | Nylon 6/6 | 50-90 | 1.53-1.56 | 1.09-1.14 | 11.2-13.1 | 14.6 | 5-13 | 60-300 | 0.7-1.5 |
polybutyl acrylate | PBA | -54 | 1.474 | ||||||
polybutylmethacrylate | PBMA | 20 | 1.483 | ||||||
polycarbonate | PC | 150 | 1.59 | 1.2 | 8-9 | 11-13.5 | 12.5 | 75 | 0.5-0.7 |
polycyclohexanone | ketone resin | 100 | 1.48-1.53 | ||||||
polyester | PET | 70 | 1.55 | 1.12-1.46 | 6-12 | 8.5-18.5 | 13-36.5 | 20 | 2-8 |
polyethylene glycol | PEG | -55 | 1.479 | ||||||
polyethylene vinylacetate | EVA | -24 | 1.47-1.48 | 0.94 | 20-40 | 500-1500 | |||
polyethylene, high density | HDPE | -110 | 1.49-1.52 | 0.94-0.96 | 2.8-5.0 | 1-4 | 0.8-3.6 | 10-500 | |
polyethylene, low density | LDPE | -20 | 1.49-1.52 | 0.91-0.93 | 1.0-2.4 | 20-800 | 1-3 | ||
polyethylmethacrylate | PEMA | 65 | 1.484 | ||||||
polymethylacrylate | PMA | 8 | 1.48-1.52 | 1.18-1.19 | 8.7-10.5 | 14-16 | 14-17 | 3-6 | |
polymethylmethacrylate | PMMA | 100-105 | 1.489 | 1.20 | |||||
polypropylene | PP | 5 | 1.49 | 0.85-0.90 | 2.3-5.0 | 4.5-6.0 | 6-8 | 10-700 | 0.8-2.5 |
polystyrene | PS | 80 | 1.50-1.75 | 1.05-1.08 | 5-9 | 7-15 | 11.5-16 | 1-2.5 | 0.2-0.6 |
polyurethane | -50 | 1.05 | 4.5-8.0 | 0.7-1.0 | 20 | 100-600 | 0.8-1.2 | ||
polyvinyl acetate | PVAC | 30-45 | 1.46-1.47 | 1.19 | 1-2 | ||||
polyvinyl alcohol | PVOH | 75 | 1.15 | ||||||
polyvinyl butyral | PVB | 45-66 | 1.49 | 1.07-1.08 | |||||
polyvinylchloride (rigid) | PVC | 83 | 1.54 | 1.15-1.80 | 6-9 | 8-15 | 10-11 | 5-40 | 0.2-0.4 |
polyvinylidene chloride | PVDC | -17 | 1.62 | ||||||
polyvinylpyrrolidone | PVP | 86 | 1.53 | ||||||
urea-formaldehyde | UF | 1.55 | 1.47-1.52 |
Synonyms and Related Terms
termoplástico (Esp.); thermoplastique (Fr.); resina termoplastica (It.); termoplástico (Port.); thermoplastic resin;
For easy printing or to download
Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins
General Characteristics of Polymers
Resources and Citations
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 789
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
- Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
- Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
- Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000