Difference between revisions of "Thermoplastic"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
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A polymer that can be melted with heat then molded multiple times. Thermoplastic polymers are typically soluble in various organic solvents. Examples of thermoplastic polymers are [[vinyl resin|vinyl resins]], [[Acrylic resin|acrylics]], [[polyethylene]], [[polystyrene]], [[cellulose acetate]], [[Polyamide|polyamides]] along with some [[Polyester|polyesters]] and [[polyurethane|polyurethanes]]. Polymers that cannot be melted are called [[thermoset|thermosets]].
+
A polymer that can be melted with heat then molded multiple times. Thermoplastic polymers are typically soluble in various organic solvents. Examples of thermoplastic polymers are [[vinyl resin|Vinyl resins]], [[Acrylic resin|Acrylics]], [[Polyethylene]], [[polystyrene]], [[cellulose acetate]], [[Polyamide|Polyamides]] along with some [[Polyester resin|Polyesters]] and [[polyurethane|Polyurethanes]]. Polymers that cannot be melted are called [[thermoset|thermosets]].
  
 +
Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|-
 +
! polymer
 +
! abbreviation/common name
 +
! Tg ©
 +
! Ref.index (film)
 +
! Density
 +
! Tensile strength (1000 psi)
 +
! Flexural strength (1000 psi)
 +
! Compressive strength (1000 psi)
 +
! Elongtaion at break (%)
 +
! Shrinkage (%)
 +
|-
 +
| acetal resin
 +
| AC
 +
| 140
 +
| 1.51
 +
| 1.41-1.42
 +
| 8.8-10
 +
| 13-14
 +
| 18
 +
| 12-75
 +
| 180
 +
|-
 +
| acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
 +
| ABS
 +
| 102
 +
| 1.52
 +
| 1.05
 +
| 3.5-10.5
 +
| 5-15
 +
| 5-11
 +
| 10-100
 +
| 185
 +
|-
 +
| cellulose acetate
 +
| CA
 +
| 180
 +
| 1.47-1.48
 +
| 1.27-1.34
 +
| 2.3-8.1
 +
| 2.2-11.5
 +
| 2.2-10.9
 +
| 10-70
 +
| 0.1-0.7
 +
|-
 +
| cellulose acetate butyrate
 +
| CAB
 +
| 121
 +
| 1.47
 +
| 1.15-1.25
 +
| 2.6-6.9
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| 1.8-9.3
 +
| 2.1-9.4
 +
| 40-88
 +
| 0.3-0.6
 +
|-
 +
| cellulose nitrate
 +
| CN
 +
| 56
 +
| 1.49-1.51
 +
| 1.34-1.40
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| cyanoacrylate resin
 +
| CA
 +
| 165
 +
| 1.45-1.48
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| ethyl cellulose
 +
| EC
 +
| 130
 +
| 1.47-1.49
 +
|
 +
| 2.3-6.5
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| 3.0-6.7
 +
|
 +
| 10-40
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| fluorocarbon
 +
| FKM; FEP; TFE; PTFE
 +
| -22 to -<br />    115
 +
| 1.33-1.35
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| 1.85-2.28
 +
| 2.0-5.0
 +
| no break
 +
| 4-1.2
 +
| 75-400
 +
| 1-6
 +
|-
 +
| hydroxyethyl cellulose
 +
| HEC
 +
| 135-140
 +
| 1.51
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| hydroxypropyl cellulose
 +
| HPC
 +
| 130
 +
| 1.56
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| methyl cellulose
 +
| MC
 +
| 140
 +
| 1.479
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| nylon (polyamide)
 +
| Nylon 6/6
 +
| 50-90
 +
| 1.53-1.56
 +
| 1.09-1.14
 +
| 11.2-13.1
 +
| 14.6
 +
| 5-13
 +
| 60-300
 +
| 0.7-1.5
 +
|-
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| polybutyl acrylate
 +
| PBA
 +
| -54
 +
| 1.474
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| polybutylmethacrylate
 +
| PBMA
 +
| 20
 +
| 1.483
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| polycarbonate
 +
| PC
 +
| 150
 +
| 1.59
 +
| 1.2
 +
| 8-9
 +
| 11-13.5
 +
| 12.5
 +
| 75
 +
| 0.5-0.7
 +
|-
 +
| polycyclohexanone
 +
| ketone resin
 +
| 100
 +
| 1.48-1.53
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
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| polyester
 +
| PET
 +
| 70
 +
| 1.55
 +
| 1.12-1.46
 +
| 6-12
 +
| 8.5-18.5
 +
| 13-36.5
 +
| 20
 +
| 2-8
 +
|-
 +
| polyethylene glycol
 +
| PEG
 +
| -55
 +
| 1.479
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
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| polyethylene vinylacetate
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| EVA
 +
| -24
 +
| 1.47-1.48
 +
| 0.94
 +
| 20-40
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| 500-1500
 +
|
 +
|-
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| polyethylene, high density
 +
| HDPE
 +
| -110
 +
| 1.49-1.52
 +
| 0.94-0.96
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| 2.8-5.0
 +
| 1-4
 +
| 0.8-3.6
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| 10-500
 +
|
 +
|-
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| polyethylene, low density
 +
| LDPE
 +
| -20
 +
| 1.49-1.52
 +
| 0.91-0.93
 +
| 1.0-2.4
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| 20-800
 +
| 1-3
 +
|-
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| polyethylmethacrylate
 +
| PEMA
 +
| 65
 +
| 1.484
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
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| polymethylacrylate
 +
| PMA
 +
| 8
 +
| 1.48-1.52
 +
| 1.18-1.19
 +
| 8.7-10.5
 +
| 14-16
 +
| 14-17
 +
| 3-6
 +
|
 +
|-
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| polymethylmethacrylate
 +
| PMMA
 +
| 100-105
 +
| 1.489
 +
| 1.20
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| polypropylene
 +
| PP
 +
| 5
 +
| 1.49
 +
| 0.85-0.90
 +
| 2.3-5.0
 +
| 4.5-6.0
 +
| 6-8
 +
| 10-700
 +
| 0.8-2.5
 +
|-
 +
| polystyrene
 +
| PS
 +
| 80
 +
| 1.50-1.75
 +
| 1.05-1.08
 +
| 5-9
 +
| 7-15
 +
| 11.5-16
 +
| 1-2.5
 +
| 0.2-0.6
 +
|-
 +
| polyurethane
 +
|
 +
| -50
 +
|
 +
| 1.05
 +
| 4.5-8.0
 +
| 0.7-1.0
 +
| 20
 +
| 100-600
 +
| 0.8-1.2
 +
|-
 +
| polyvinyl acetate
 +
| PVAC
 +
| 30-45
 +
| 1.46-1.47
 +
| 1.19
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| 1-2
 +
|-
 +
| polyvinyl alcohol
 +
| PVOH
 +
| 75
 +
| 1.15
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| polyvinyl butyral
 +
| PVB
 +
| 45-66
 +
| 1.49
 +
| 1.07-1.08
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| polyvinylchloride (rigid)
 +
| PVC
 +
| 83
 +
| 1.54
 +
| 1.15-1.80
 +
| 6-9
 +
| 8-15
 +
| 10-11
 +
| 5-40
 +
| 0.2-0.4
 +
|-
 +
| polyvinylidene chloride
 +
| PVDC
 +
| -17
 +
| 1.62
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| polyvinylpyrrolidone
 +
| PVP
 +
| 86
 +
| 1.53
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|-
 +
| urea-formaldehyde
 +
| UF
 +
| 1.55
 +
| 1.47-1.52
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|}
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
 
termoplástico (Esp.); thermoplastique (Fr.); resina termoplastica (It.); termoplástico (Port.); thermoplastic resin;
 
termoplástico (Esp.); thermoplastique (Fr.); resina termoplastica (It.); termoplástico (Port.); thermoplastic resin;
  
−
== Comparisons ==
+
== For easy printing or to download ==
  
 
[[media:download_file_306.pdf|Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins]]
 
[[media:download_file_306.pdf|Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins]]
Line 16: Line 404:
  
 
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 789
 
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 789
−
 
 
* Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
 
* Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
−
 
 
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988
 
* Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', ''Engineered Plastics'', ASM International, 1988
−
 
 
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, ''Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology'' (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
 
* Hoechst Celanese Corporation, ''Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology'' (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
−
 
 
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
 
* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
−
 
 
* Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002
 
* Pam Hatchfield, ''Pollutants in the Museum Environment'', Archetype Press, London, 2002
−
 
 
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
 
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
  

Revision as of 12:23, 13 October 2024

Description

A polymer that can be melted with heat then molded multiple times. Thermoplastic polymers are typically soluble in various organic solvents. Examples of thermoplastic polymers are Vinyl resins, Acrylics, Polyethylene, Polystyrene, Cellulose acetate, Polyamides along with some Polyesters and Polyurethanes. Polymers that cannot be melted are called thermosets.

Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins

polymer abbreviation/common name Tg © Ref.index (film) Density Tensile strength (1000 psi) Flexural strength (1000 psi) Compressive strength (1000 psi) Elongtaion at break (%) Shrinkage (%)
acetal resin AC 140 1.51 1.41-1.42 8.8-10 13-14 18 12-75 180
acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS 102 1.52 1.05 3.5-10.5 5-15 5-11 10-100 185
cellulose acetate CA 180 1.47-1.48 1.27-1.34 2.3-8.1 2.2-11.5 2.2-10.9 10-70 0.1-0.7
cellulose acetate butyrate CAB 121 1.47 1.15-1.25 2.6-6.9 1.8-9.3 2.1-9.4 40-88 0.3-0.6
cellulose nitrate CN 56 1.49-1.51 1.34-1.40
cyanoacrylate resin CA 165 1.45-1.48
ethyl cellulose EC 130 1.47-1.49 2.3-6.5 3.0-6.7 10-40
fluorocarbon FKM; FEP; TFE; PTFE -22 to -
115 		1.33-1.35 1.85-2.28 2.0-5.0 no break 4-1.2 75-400 1-6
hydroxyethyl cellulose HEC 135-140 1.51
hydroxypropyl cellulose HPC 130 1.56
methyl cellulose MC 140 1.479
nylon (polyamide) Nylon 6/6 50-90 1.53-1.56 1.09-1.14 11.2-13.1 14.6 5-13 60-300 0.7-1.5
polybutyl acrylate PBA -54 1.474
polybutylmethacrylate PBMA 20 1.483
polycarbonate PC 150 1.59 1.2 8-9 11-13.5 12.5 75 0.5-0.7
polycyclohexanone ketone resin 100 1.48-1.53
polyester PET 70 1.55 1.12-1.46 6-12 8.5-18.5 13-36.5 20 2-8
polyethylene glycol PEG -55 1.479
polyethylene vinylacetate EVA -24 1.47-1.48 0.94 20-40 500-1500
polyethylene, high density HDPE -110 1.49-1.52 0.94-0.96 2.8-5.0 1-4 0.8-3.6 10-500
polyethylene, low density LDPE -20 1.49-1.52 0.91-0.93 1.0-2.4 20-800 1-3
polyethylmethacrylate PEMA 65 1.484
polymethylacrylate PMA 8 1.48-1.52 1.18-1.19 8.7-10.5 14-16 14-17 3-6
polymethylmethacrylate PMMA 100-105 1.489 1.20
polypropylene PP 5 1.49 0.85-0.90 2.3-5.0 4.5-6.0 6-8 10-700 0.8-2.5
polystyrene PS 80 1.50-1.75 1.05-1.08 5-9 7-15 11.5-16 1-2.5 0.2-0.6
polyurethane -50 1.05 4.5-8.0 0.7-1.0 20 100-600 0.8-1.2
polyvinyl acetate PVAC 30-45 1.46-1.47 1.19 1-2
polyvinyl alcohol PVOH 75 1.15
polyvinyl butyral PVB 45-66 1.49 1.07-1.08
polyvinylchloride (rigid) PVC 83 1.54 1.15-1.80 6-9 8-15 10-11 5-40 0.2-0.4
polyvinylidene chloride PVDC -17 1.62
polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP 86 1.53
urea-formaldehyde UF 1.55 1.47-1.52

Synonyms and Related Terms

termoplástico (Esp.); thermoplastique (Fr.); resina termoplastica (It.); termoplástico (Port.); thermoplastic resin;

For easy printing or to download

Physical Properties for Selected Thermoplastic Resins

General Characteristics of Polymers

Resources and Citations

  • G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 789
  • Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
  • Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988
  • Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
  • Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
  • Pam Hatchfield, Pollutants in the Museum Environment, Archetype Press, London, 2002
  • Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000

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