Viscose rayon
Description
Rayon produced from cellulose dissolved in hydroxide sodium hydroxide, then treated with disulfide carbon disulfide to form an orange viscous solution of cellulose xanthate (viscose). The process for making viscose was discovered in 1892 by Charles Cross and Edward Bevan in England. Soon after the turn of the century, several companies began manufacturing viscose rayon and it quickly became the most important natural polymer fiber. Viscose has good washability and fair abrasion resistance. It dyes well and has good sunlight resistance. It is dyed with direct dyes at low temperatures. Viscose rayons are used for woven and nonwoven fabrics, rubbers, felts, tire cords, and cellophane.
See also fiber rayon.
Synonyms and Related Terms
cellophane; rayon; viscose; Avtex; regenerated cellulose; artificial silk; wood silk; kuntsilke (Dan.); Kunstseide (Deut.); Viskosefasern (Deut.); viscose (Fr.); rayon viscosa (It.); rayon (Ned., Sven.)
Other Properties
Insoluble in most organic solvents. Viscose fibers have continuous lengthwise striations. Cross sections were originally circular with indentations; now may be dog bone or trilobal. Tenacity = 2.0-2.6 g/denier (dry); 1.0-1.5 (wet); Moisture regain = 11-16.6%; Elongation = 15-13%; (dry); 20-40% (wet)
Burns with small flame, incandescent ash and odor of burnt paper.
| Melting Point | 150 (dec) |
|---|---|
| Density | 1.46-1.54 |
Additional Information
G.Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II. Man-made Fibres, 5th edition, Merrow Publishing Co., Durham, England, 1984.
Comparisons
Properties of Synthetic Fibers
Additional Images
Chemical process for viscose rayon
Infrared spectrum of Viscose rayon
Authority
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
- G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 654
- Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
- S.R.Trotman, E.R. Trotman, S.R.Trotman, E.R. Trotman, Textile Analysis, J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1932
- Rosalie Rosso King, Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
- The Dictionary of Paper, American Paper Institute, New York, Fourth Edition, 1980
- J.Gordon Cook, J.Gordon Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres, Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England
- Website address 1, Website address 1 Comment: History of Plastics at www.nswpmith.com.au/historyofplastics.html
- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon (Accessed Jan. 15, 2006)
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998