Difference between revisions of "Carbon dioxide"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
A colorless, odorless gas. Carbon dioxide is naturally produced as a byproduct of respiration, combustion, and decomposition. It has an abundance of 0.027-0.036% in earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is used to make carbonated beverages, aerosol propellants, and fire extinguishers. In museums, it has also been used to create inert, oxygen-free environments to minimize oxidative degradation and to asphyxite insects.  Solid carbon dioxide, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=dry ice dry ice], is used for refrigeration and special effects. Liquid carbon dioxide, compressed at high pressures (see [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=supercritical fluid supercritical fluid]), has been used as a solvent to remove DDT from artifacts (Kang et al. 2004).
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A colorless, odorless gas. Carbon dioxide is naturally produced as a byproduct of respiration, combustion, and decomposition. It has an abundance of 0.027-0.036% in earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is used to make carbonated beverages, aerosol propellants, and fire extinguishers. In museums, it has also been used to create inert, oxygen-free environments to minimize oxidative degradation and to asphyxite insects.  Solid carbon dioxide, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=dry%20ice dry ice], is used for refrigeration and special effects. Liquid carbon dioxide, compressed at high pressures (see [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=supercritical%20fluid supercritical fluid]), has been used as a solvent to remove DDT from artifacts (Kang et al. 2004).
  
 
[[File:Image3_802518.jpg|thumb|Carbon dioxide
 
[[File:Image3_802518.jpg|thumb|Carbon dioxide
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== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
carbonic anhydride; fixed gas; carbonic acid gas; dry ice (solid); anhydride carbonique (Fr.); carbondioxid (Dan.); Kohlenstoffdioxid (Deut.); dixido de carbono (Esp., Port.); dioxyde de carbone (Fr.); anidride carbonica (It.); kooldioxide (Ned.); koolstofdioxide (Ned.); karbondioksid (Nor.); dwutlenek wgla (Pol.); anidrido carbnico (Port.); koldioxid (Sven.)
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carbonic anhydride; fixed gas; carbonic acid gas; dry ice (solid); anhydride carbonique (Fr.); carbondioxid (Dan.); Kohlenstoffdioxid (Deut.); dióxido de carbono (Esp., Port.); dioxyde de carbone (Fr.); anidride carbonica (It.); kooldioxide (Ned.); koolstofdioxide (Ned.); karbondioksid (Nor.); dwutlenek wêgla (Pol.); anidrido carbónico (Port.); koldioxid (Sven.)
  
 
== Other Properties ==
 
== Other Properties ==
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== Additional Information ==
 
== Additional Information ==
  
Sung Mo Kang, Achim Unger, J.J. Morrell, 'The Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Color Retention and Pesticide Reduction of Wooden Artifacts' JAIC 43(2) 151-160, 2004.
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° Sung Mo Kang, Achim Unger, J.J. Morrell, 'The Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Color Retention and Pesticide Reduction of Wooden Artifacts' JAIC 43(2) 151-160, 2004.
  
 
== Authority ==
 
== Authority ==
  
* G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 144
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* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 144
  
* Richard S. Lewis, Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
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* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 1857
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 1857
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* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide (Accessed Dec. 9, 2005)
 
* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide (Accessed Dec. 9, 2005)
  
* Susan E. Schur, Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
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* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
  
* Michael McCann, Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
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* Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
  
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  
* Random House, Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
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* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998

Revision as of 07:22, 24 July 2013

Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

Description

A colorless, odorless gas. Carbon dioxide is naturally produced as a byproduct of respiration, combustion, and decomposition. It has an abundance of 0.027-0.036% in earth's atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is used to make carbonated beverages, aerosol propellants, and fire extinguishers. In museums, it has also been used to create inert, oxygen-free environments to minimize oxidative degradation and to asphyxite insects. Solid carbon dioxide, dry ice, is used for refrigeration and special effects. Liquid carbon dioxide, compressed at high pressures (see supercritical fluid), has been used as a solvent to remove DDT from artifacts (Kang et al. 2004).

Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

Synonyms and Related Terms

carbonic anhydride; fixed gas; carbonic acid gas; dry ice (solid); anhydride carbonique (Fr.); carbondioxid (Dan.); Kohlenstoffdioxid (Deut.); dióxido de carbono (Esp., Port.); dioxyde de carbone (Fr.); anidride carbonica (It.); kooldioxide (Ned.); koolstofdioxide (Ned.); karbondioksid (Nor.); dwutlenek wêgla (Pol.); anidrido carbónico (Port.); koldioxid (Sven.)

Other Properties

Soluble in water forming carbonic acid. pKa = 6.35 and 10.33

Composition CO2
CAS 124-38-9
Melting Point -78.5
Density 1.98 kg/m3 (gas)
Molecular Weight mol. wt. = 44.0
Refractive Index 1.195 (liquid)
Boiling Point -65

Hazards and Safety

Asphyxiating in concentrations over 10%. Noncombustible.

International Chemical Safety Card

Additional Information

° Sung Mo Kang, Achim Unger, J.J. Morrell, 'The Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Color Retention and Pesticide Reduction of Wooden Artifacts' JAIC 43(2) 151-160, 2004.

Authority

  • G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 144
  • Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 1857
  • Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
  • Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
  • Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  • Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  • The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
  • CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: ref. index=1.195 (liquid)

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