Difference between revisions of "Aluminum potassium sulfate"

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[[File:Efflorescence.25x.jpg|thumb|Efflorescence on ceramic plate]]
 
[[File:Efflorescence.25x.jpg|thumb|Efflorescence on ceramic plate]]
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
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[[File:Potassium Alum Block India Shaving Aftershave.jpg|thumb|Potassium Alum Block India Shaving Aftershave]]
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A white odorless powder with transparent crystals. Aluminum potassium sulfate occurs naturally in the minerals [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=alunite alunite] and leucite. It has been used since ancient times as a [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=mordant mordant] in dyeing textiles and for tawing skins. Aluminum potassium sulfate, or potash alum, is also used as a filler in [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=paper paper], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=cement cement], and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=paint paints]. It is used to harden [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=gelatin gelatin], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=plaster plaster], and cement. Potash alum has also been used as a substrate in the preparation of lake pigments.
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A white odorless powder with transparent crystals. Aluminum potassium sulfate occurs naturally in the minerals [[alunite|alunite]] and leucite. It has been used since ancient times as a [[mordant|mordant]] in dyeing textiles and for tawing skins. Aluminum potassium sulfate, or potash alum, is also used as a filler in [[paper|paper]], [[cement|cement]], and [[paint|paints]]. It is used to harden [[gelatin|gelatin]], [[plaster|plaster]], and cement. Potash alum has also been used as a substrate in the preparation of [[lake]] pigments.
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|aluminum potassium sulfate.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
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[[File:Efflorescence.40x.jpg|thumb|Efflorescence on ceramic plate]]
 
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
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potassium aluminum sulfate; aluminum potassium sulphate (Br.); potash alum; alum NF; potassium alum; kalinite; alum flour; alum meal; cube alum; alumstone
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potassium aluminum sulfate; aluminum potassium sulphate (Br.); potash alum; alum NF; potassium alum; kalinite; alum flour; alum meal; cube alum; alumstone; common alum
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|aluminum potassium sulfate.jpg~Chemical structure]]]
 
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== Other Properties ==
 
  
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Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol.
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== Risks ==
  
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{| class="wikitable"
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* Noncombustible. 
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|-
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* Harmful by ingestion and inhalation. 
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! scope="row"| Composition
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* Contact causes irritation.
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| Al2(SO4)3-K2SO4-24H2O
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* Will corrode steel
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|-
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* Fisher Scientific: [https://beta-static.fishersci.com/content/dam/fishersci/en_US/documents/programs/education/regulatory-documents/sds/chemicals/chemicals-a/S25152D.pdf SDS]
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! scope="row"| CAS
 
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| 7784-24-9
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Mohs Hardness
 
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| 3.5 - 4.0
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Melting Point
 
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| 92
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Density
 
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| 1.75
 
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 
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| mol. wt. = 474.38
 
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|}
 
  
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== Hazards and Safety ==
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== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
  
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Noncombustible.
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* Composition = Al2(SO4)3-K2SO4-24H2O (mol. wt. = 474.38)
 +
* CAS = 7784-24-9
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* Mohs Hardness = 3.5 - 4.0
 +
* Melting Point = 92 C
 +
* Density = 1.75 g/ml
 +
* Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol.
  
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Harmful by ingestion and inhalation.  Contact causes irritation. 
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==Resources and Citations==
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Mallinckrodt Baker: [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/a2856.htm MSDS]
 
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== Authority ==
 
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* G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 32, 33
 
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* Richard S. Lewis, Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
 
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* Hermann Kuhn, Hermann Kuhn, ''Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities'', Butterworths, London, 1986
 
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* Rosalie Rosso King, Rosalie Rosso King, ''Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation'', Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
 
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* Palmy Weigle, Palmy Weigle, ''Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974
 
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* Susan E. Schur, Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
 
−
 
 
−
* Michael McCann, Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
 
−
 
 
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* Book and Paper Group, Book and Paper Group, ''Paper Conservation Catalog'', AIC, 1984, 1989
 
  
 +
* Irene Bruckle, "The Role of Alum in Historical Papermaking", Abbey Newsletter, Volume 17(4), September 1993. [http://cool.conservation-us.org/byorg/abbey/an/an17/an17-4/an17-407.html Link]
 +
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 32, 33
 +
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
 +
* Hermann Kuhn, ''Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities'', Butterworths, London, 1986
 +
* Rosalie Rosso King, ''Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation'', Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
 +
* Palmy Weigle, ''Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974
 +
* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
 +
* Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
 +
* Book and Paper Group, ''Paper Conservation Catalog'', AIC, 1984, 1989
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
−
 
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983
−
 
 
* ''A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms'', Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
 
* ''A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms'', Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
−
 
+
* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_alum Potassium alum] Accessed March 2025
  
  
 
[[Category:Materials database]]
 
[[Category:Materials database]]

Latest revision as of 09:31, 16 March 2025

Efflorescence on ceramic plate

Description

Potassium Alum Block India Shaving Aftershave

A white odorless powder with transparent crystals. Aluminum potassium sulfate occurs naturally in the minerals Alunite and leucite. It has been used since ancient times as a Mordant in dyeing textiles and for tawing skins. Aluminum potassium sulfate, or potash alum, is also used as a filler in Paper, Cement, and paints. It is used to harden Gelatin, Plaster, and cement. Potash alum has also been used as a substrate in the preparation of Lake pigments.

Chemical structure

Aluminum potassium sulfate.jpg

Synonyms and Related Terms

potassium aluminum sulfate; aluminum potassium sulphate (Br.); potash alum; alum NF; potassium alum; kalinite; alum flour; alum meal; cube alum; alumstone; common alum

Risks

  • Noncombustible.
  • Harmful by ingestion and inhalation.
  • Contact causes irritation.
  • Will corrode steel
  • Fisher Scientific: SDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

  • Composition = Al2(SO4)3-K2SO4-24H2O (mol. wt. = 474.38)
  • CAS = 7784-24-9
  • Mohs Hardness = 3.5 - 4.0
  • Melting Point = 92 C
  • Density = 1.75 g/ml
  • Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol.

Resources and Citations

  • Irene Bruckle, "The Role of Alum in Historical Papermaking", Abbey Newsletter, Volume 17(4), September 1993. Link
  • G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 32, 33
  • Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  • Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
  • Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
  • Palmy Weigle, Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974
  • Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
  • Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
  • Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
  • Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983
  • A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
  • Wikipedia: Potassium alum Accessed March 2025

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