Difference between revisions of "Aluminum potassium sulfate"
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[[File:Efflorescence.25x.jpg|thumb|Efflorescence on ceramic plate]] | [[File:Efflorescence.25x.jpg|thumb|Efflorescence on ceramic plate]] | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | + | [[File:Potassium Alum Block India Shaving Aftershave.jpg|thumb|Potassium Alum Block India Shaving Aftershave]] | |
| − | A white odorless powder with transparent crystals. Aluminum potassium sulfate occurs naturally in the minerals [ | + | A white odorless powder with transparent crystals. Aluminum potassium sulfate occurs naturally in the minerals [[alunite|alunite]] and leucite. It has been used since ancient times as a [[mordant|mordant]] in dyeing textiles and for tawing skins. Aluminum potassium sulfate, or potash alum, is also used as a filler in [[paper|paper]], [[cement|cement]], and [[paint|paints]]. It is used to harden [[gelatin|gelatin]], [[plaster|plaster]], and cement. Potash alum has also been used as a substrate in the preparation of [[lake]] pigments. |
| − | + | [[[SliderGallery rightalign|aluminum potassium sulfate.jpg~Chemical structure]]] | |
| − | [[ | ||
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
| − | potassium aluminum sulfate; aluminum potassium sulphate (Br.); potash alum; alum NF; potassium alum; kalinite; alum flour; alum meal; cube alum; alumstone | + | potassium aluminum sulfate; aluminum potassium sulphate (Br.); potash alum; alum NF; potassium alum; kalinite; alum flour; alum meal; cube alum; alumstone; common alum |
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| − | + | == Risks == | |
| − | + | * Noncombustible. | |
| − | + | * Harmful by ingestion and inhalation. | |
| − | + | * Contact causes irritation. | |
| − | + | * Will corrode steel | |
| − | + | * Fisher Scientific: [https://beta-static.fishersci.com/content/dam/fishersci/en_US/documents/programs/education/regulatory-documents/sds/chemicals/chemicals-a/S25152D.pdf SDS] | |
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| − | == | + | == Physical and Chemical Properties == |
| − | + | * Composition = Al2(SO4)3-K2SO4-24H2O (mol. wt. = 474.38) | |
| + | * CAS = 7784-24-9 | ||
| + | * Mohs Hardness = 3.5 - 4.0 | ||
| + | * Melting Point = 92 C | ||
| + | * Density = 1.75 g/ml | ||
| + | * Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol. | ||
| − | + | ==Resources and Citations== | |
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| + | * Irene Bruckle, "The Role of Alum in Historical Papermaking", Abbey Newsletter, Volume 17(4), September 1993. [http://cool.conservation-us.org/byorg/abbey/an/an17/an17-4/an17-407.html Link] | ||
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 32, 33 | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 32, 33 | ||
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* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | ||
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* Hermann Kuhn, ''Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities'', Butterworths, London, 1986 | * Hermann Kuhn, ''Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities'', Butterworths, London, 1986 | ||
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* Rosalie Rosso King, ''Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation'', Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985 | * Rosalie Rosso King, ''Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation'', Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985 | ||
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* Palmy Weigle, ''Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974 | * Palmy Weigle, ''Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974 | ||
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* Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985 | * Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985 | ||
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* Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979 | * Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979 | ||
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* Book and Paper Group, ''Paper Conservation Catalog'', AIC, 1984, 1989 | * Book and Paper Group, ''Paper Conservation Catalog'', AIC, 1984, 1989 | ||
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* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
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* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 | * ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 | ||
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* ''A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms'', Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998 | * ''A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms'', Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998 | ||
| − | + | * Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_alum Potassium alum] Accessed March 2025 | |
[[Category:Materials database]] | [[Category:Materials database]] | ||
Latest revision as of 09:31, 16 March 2025
Description
A white odorless powder with transparent crystals. Aluminum potassium sulfate occurs naturally in the minerals Alunite and leucite. It has been used since ancient times as a Mordant in dyeing textiles and for tawing skins. Aluminum potassium sulfate, or potash alum, is also used as a filler in Paper, Cement, and paints. It is used to harden Gelatin, Plaster, and cement. Potash alum has also been used as a substrate in the preparation of Lake pigments.
Synonyms and Related Terms
potassium aluminum sulfate; aluminum potassium sulphate (Br.); potash alum; alum NF; potassium alum; kalinite; alum flour; alum meal; cube alum; alumstone; common alum
Risks
- Noncombustible.
- Harmful by ingestion and inhalation.
- Contact causes irritation.
- Will corrode steel
- Fisher Scientific: SDS
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Composition = Al2(SO4)3-K2SO4-24H2O (mol. wt. = 474.38)
- CAS = 7784-24-9
- Mohs Hardness = 3.5 - 4.0
- Melting Point = 92 C
- Density = 1.75 g/ml
- Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol.
Resources and Citations
- Irene Bruckle, "The Role of Alum in Historical Papermaking", Abbey Newsletter, Volume 17(4), September 1993. Link
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 32, 33
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
- Rosalie Rosso King, Textile Identification, Conservation, and Preservation, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1985
- Palmy Weigle, Ancient Dyes for Modern Weavers, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York, 1974
- Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
- Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
- Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983
- A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
- Wikipedia: Potassium alum Accessed March 2025