Copper acetoarsenite: Difference between revisions

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[[File:emeraldgr C100x.jpg|thumb|Emerald green at 100x (visible light left; UV light right)]]
[[File:emeraldgr C100x.jpg|thumb|Emerald green at 100x (visible light left; UV light right)]]
== Description ==
== Description ==
 
A bright green powder best known as the pigment [[emerald green]] (originally called Paris green). Copper acetoarsenite is prepared by reacting [[sodium arsenite]] with [[copper sulfate]] and [[acetic acid]]. First manufactured in 1814, the brilliant green color became popular in Victorian England and Europe where it was used in wallpapers, clothing, artificial flowers, and oil paints. Unfortunately damp rooms caused fungi to react with the arsenic in wallpaper, releasing deadly arsine gas. Both the toxicity and poor color permanency lead to a decline in it use in households as well as artist materials. Currently, copper acetoarsenite is used as a wood preservative, rodenticide, larvicide, and as an antifouling agent in marine paints.  
A bright green powder known as the pigment [[emerald green]]. Copper acetoarsenite is prepared by reacting [[sodium arsenite]] with [[copper sulfate]] and [[acetic acid]]. First manufacturered in 1814, it has a brilliant green color that was used in oil and watercolor paints in the 19th century. It is no longer used in artist paints because of its toxicity and poor color permanency. Copper acetoarsenite is currently used as a wood preservative, larvicide and antifouling agent in marine paints.
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|f394sem.jpg~SEM|f394edsbw.jpg~EDS]]]
[[[SliderGallery rightalign|f394sem.jpg~SEM|f394edsbw.jpg~EDS]]]
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
emerald green; Pigment Green 21; CI  77410; verde esmeralda (Esp.); vert cendre (Fr.); acetoarsenito di rame (It.); cupric acetoarsenite; copper acetate arsenite; king's green; Paris green; Schweinfurt green; mineral green; Mitis green; parrot green; Vienna green; new green; patent green; imperial green; Emperor green; Kaiser green; meadow green; mountain green; English green; Sattler green
emerald green; Pigment Green 21; CI  77410; verde esmeralda (Esp.); vert cendre (Fr.); acetoarsenito di rame (It.); cupric acetoarsenite; copper acetate arsenite; king's green; Paris green; Schweinfurt green; mineral green; imperial green; Mitis green; parrot green; Vienna green; new green; patent green; Emperor green; Kaiser green; meadow green; English green


== Risks ==
== Risks ==
* Highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact.
* Highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact.
* Arsenic compounds are known human carcinogens.
* It does not break down easily, leading to long-term contamination of soil and water supplies


==Physical and Chemical Properties==
==Physical and Chemical Properties==
 
* Soluble in mineral acids, ethanol, potassium cyanide.   
* Soluble in mineral acids, ethanol, potassium cyanide.  Insoluble in water.   
* Insoluble in water.   
* Decomposes in alkalis.  
* Decomposes in alkalis.  
* Darkens in the presence of sulfur or lead compounds.
* Darkens in the presence of sulfur or lead compounds.
 
* Cu(C2H3O2)2·3Cu(AsO2)2 (mol. wt. = 1013.8 g/mol.)
{| class="wikitable"
* CAS = 12002-0308
|-
* Refractive Index = 1.71(alpha); 1.78(beta)
! scope="row"| Composition
| Cu(C2H3O2)2.3Cu(AsO2)2
|-
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
| mol. wt. = 1013.8
|-
! scope="row"| Refractive Index
| 1.71 - 1.7
|}


==Resources and Citations==
==Resources and Citations==
 
* MuseumPests.net: [https://museumpests.net/resources-2/pesticide-database/ Pesticide Database]
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 2692
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 2692
* Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
* Thomas B. Brill, ''Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities'', Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
 
* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_green Paris green] accessed Feb 2026




[[Category:Materials database]]
[[Category:Materials database]]

Latest revision as of 09:13, 25 October 2026

Emerald green at 100x (visible light left; UV light right)

Description

A bright green powder best known as the pigment emerald green (originally called Paris green). Copper acetoarsenite is prepared by reacting sodium arsenite with copper sulfate and acetic acid. First manufactured in 1814, the brilliant green color became popular in Victorian England and Europe where it was used in wallpapers, clothing, artificial flowers, and oil paints. Unfortunately damp rooms caused fungi to react with the arsenic in wallpaper, releasing deadly arsine gas. Both the toxicity and poor color permanency lead to a decline in it use in households as well as artist materials. Currently, copper acetoarsenite is used as a wood preservative, rodenticide, larvicide, and as an antifouling agent in marine paints.

SEM

F394sem.jpg

EDS

F394edsbw.jpg

Synonyms and Related Terms

emerald green; Pigment Green 21; CI 77410; verde esmeralda (Esp.); vert cendre (Fr.); acetoarsenito di rame (It.); cupric acetoarsenite; copper acetate arsenite; king's green; Paris green; Schweinfurt green; mineral green; Mitis green; parrot green; Vienna green; new green; patent green; imperial green; Emperor green; Kaiser green; meadow green; mountain green; English green; Sattler green

Risks

  • Highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin contact.
  • Arsenic compounds are known human carcinogens.
  • It does not break down easily, leading to long-term contamination of soil and water supplies

Physical and Chemical Properties

  • Soluble in mineral acids, ethanol, potassium cyanide.
  • Insoluble in water.
  • Decomposes in alkalis.
  • Darkens in the presence of sulfur or lead compounds.
  • Cu(C2H3O2)2·3Cu(AsO2)2 (mol. wt. = 1013.8 g/mol.)
  • CAS = 12002-0308
  • Refractive Index = 1.71(alpha); 1.78(beta)

Resources and Citations

  • MuseumPests.net: Pesticide Database
  • Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 2692
  • Thomas B. Brill, Light Its Interaction with Art and Antiquities, Plenum Press, New York City, 1980
  • Wikipedia: Paris green accessed Feb 2026
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