Difference between revisions of "India ink"
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| − | [[File:01.6230-C4740.jpg|thumb|]] | + | [[File:01.6230-C4740.jpg|thumb|India ink and watercolor<br>MFA# 01.6230]] |
== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A black writing and painting media used for several hundred years. Originally, India ink referred to a brown-black liquid prepared from ink bag secretions of cuttlefish. The dried colorant, also called [ | + | A black writing and painting media used for several hundred years. Originally, India ink referred to a brown-black liquid prepared from ink bag secretions of cuttlefish. The dried colorant, also called [[sepia]], was mixed with [[gum arabic]] then made into [[watercolor paint|watercolor]] cakes. Later, as trade developed between Europe and Asia, the terms India ink and China ink (Chinese ink) became synonymous for a black, opaque, indelible ink prepared by mixing fine [[lampblack]] with [[glue]] or [[gum]]. A soft pliable paste was formed into sticks or cakes for transport and sale. Currently, the term India ink is used for a waterproof, black drawing ink. It has a [[shellac]] binder, [[borax]] [[emulsifier]], and is soluble in [[alcohol]]. |
| − | [[File:2001.3-SC12849.jpg|thumb|]] | + | [[File:2001.3-SC12849.jpg|thumb|Lithograph plus India ink<br>MFA# 2001.3]] |
| + | [[File:1999.450-SC9480.jpg|thumb|Acrylic paint and ink<br>MFA# 1999.450]] | ||
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
China ink; tinta china (Esp.); encre de Chin (Fr.); tinta da China (Port.); Indian ink; sepia; Chinese ink; carbon ink | China ink; tinta china (Esp.); encre de Chin (Fr.); tinta da China (Port.); Indian ink; sepia; Chinese ink; carbon ink | ||
| − | == | + | == Resources and Citations == |
| − | + | * R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, ''Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia'', Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: p. 105 | |
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| + | * Ralph Mayer, ''A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques'', Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing) | ||
| − | + | * Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, ''Technology and Conservation'', Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985 | |
| − | * | + | * Boise Cascade Paper Group, ''The Paper Handbook'', Boise Cascade, Portland OR, 1989 |
| − | * | + | * R.D. Harley, ''Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835'', Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982 |
| − | * | + | * George Savage, ''Art and Antique Restorer's Handbook'', Rockliff Publishing Corp, London, 1954 |
| − | * | + | * Book and Paper Group, ''Paper Conservation Catalog'', AIC, 1984, 1989 |
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* ''A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms'', Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998 | * ''A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms'', Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998 | ||
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* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
| − | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "India Ink." | + | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "India Ink." Accessed 15 Apr. 2004 . |
* Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | * Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000 | ||
Latest revision as of 11:41, 15 August 2020
Description
A black writing and painting media used for several hundred years. Originally, India ink referred to a brown-black liquid prepared from ink bag secretions of cuttlefish. The dried colorant, also called Sepia, was mixed with Gum arabic then made into watercolor cakes. Later, as trade developed between Europe and Asia, the terms India ink and China ink (Chinese ink) became synonymous for a black, opaque, indelible ink prepared by mixing fine Lampblack with Glue or Gum. A soft pliable paste was formed into sticks or cakes for transport and sale. Currently, the term India ink is used for a waterproof, black drawing ink. It has a Shellac binder, Borax Emulsifier, and is soluble in Alcohol.
Synonyms and Related Terms
China ink; tinta china (Esp.); encre de Chin (Fr.); tinta da China (Port.); Indian ink; sepia; Chinese ink; carbon ink
Resources and Citations
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966 Comment: p. 105
- Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Susan E. Schur, Conservation Terminology: A review of Past & Current Nomenclature of Materials, Technology and Conservation, Spring (p.34-39); Summer (p.35-38); Fall (p.25-36), 1985
- Boise Cascade Paper Group, The Paper Handbook, Boise Cascade, Portland OR, 1989
- R.D. Harley, Artists' Pigments c. 1600-1835, Butterworth Scientific, London, 1982
- George Savage, Art and Antique Restorer's Handbook, Rockliff Publishing Corp, London, 1954
- Book and Paper Group, Paper Conservation Catalog, AIC, 1984, 1989
- A Glossary of Paper Conservation Terms, Margaret Ellis (ed.), Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York City, 1998
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
- Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "India Ink." Accessed 15 Apr. 2004 .
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000