Difference between revisions of "Alumina"

Latest revision as of 12:00, 9 December 2022

Saffil 200x, ICI Americas

Description

Common name for natural or synthetic Aluminum oxide. It is a white, hard, insoluble powder. Aluminum oxide naturally occurs in some feldspars, Alumina trihydrate, Corundum, gibbsite, Bauxite, Ruby, and Sapphire. It was first extract commercially from bauxite in 1888 using the Bayer process. Aluminum oxide is extremely hard and is used as an abrasive both in its natural (corundum, Emery) and synthetic (Alundum) forms. Synthetic alumina is prepared primarily in three forms: activated alumina, smelter-grade alumina, and calcined alumina. The porous, granular activated alumina aggressively absorbs liquid water and water vapor. The fine-grain calcined alumina is a dense impermeable ceramic material used for abrasives, refractories, electrical insulation, high temperature crucibles, and dental restoration. It is also used as a filler for paints, glass, and ceramics. When added to glaze mixtures, aluminum oxide increases viscosity during firing, prevents devitrification during cooling, and adds durability to the final surface.

See also Alpha alumina and Gamma alumina.

Saffil 500x, ICI Americas

Synonyms and Related Terms

aluminum oxide; aluminium oxide; almina (Esp.); alumine (Fr.); alumina (Port.); xido de alumnio (Port.); activated alumina; Alundum; Aloxite; Bausilite; White Bauxilite; corundum

Applications

FTIR (AAI)

Raman (RRUFF)

Risks

Fire retardant.
Dust may cause irritation with skin contact or inhalation.
ThermoFisher: SDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

Soluble in mineral acids and strong alkali. Insoluble in water.

Composition	Al2O3
CAS	1344-28-1
Mohs Hardness	9.0
Melting Point	2040 C
Molecular Weight	mol. wt. = 101.96

Comparisons

Properties of Common Abrasives

Resources and Citations

G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 34

Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: alumina" [Accessed May 8, 2003].

Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979

Robert Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992

R.M.Organ, Design for Scientific Conservation of Antiquities, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 1968

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[File:95_Alumina fiber_200X adj.jpg|thumb|Saffil, ICI Americas]]
+[[File:95_Alumina fiber_200X adj.jpg|thumb|Saffil 200x, ICI Americas]]
+[[File:95_Alumina fiber_200X_pol adj.jpg|thumb|Saffil 200x, ICI Americas]]
 == Description ==
-Common name for natural or synthetic [[aluminum_oxide|aluminum oxide]]. It is a white, hard, insoluble powder. Aluminum oxide naturally occurs in some feldspars, [[alumina_trihydrate|alumina trihydrate]], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=corundum corundum], gibbsite, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=bauxite bauxite], [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=ruby ruby], and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=sapphire sapphire]. It was first extract commercially from bauxite in 1888 using the Bayer process. Aluminum oxide is extremely hard and is used as an abrasive both in its natural (corundum, [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=emery emery]) and synthetic (Alundum) forms. Synthetic alumina is prepared primarily in three forms: activated alumina, smelter-grade alumina, and calcined alumina. The porous, granular activated alumina aggressively absorbs liquid water and water vapor. The fine-grain calcined alumina is a dense impermeable ceramic material used for abrasives, refractories, electrical insulation, high temperature crucibles, and dental restoration. It is also used as a filler for paints, glass, and ceramics. When added to glaze mixtures, aluminum oxide increases viscosity during firing, prevents devitrification during cooling, and adds durability to the final surface.
+Common name for natural or synthetic [[aluminum_oxide|aluminum oxide]]. It is a white, hard, insoluble powder. Aluminum oxide naturally occurs in some feldspars, [[alumina_trihydrate|alumina trihydrate]], [[corundum|corundum]], gibbsite, [[bauxite|bauxite]], [[ruby|ruby]], and [[sapphire|sapphire]]. It was first extract commercially from bauxite in 1888 using the Bayer process. Aluminum oxide is extremely hard and is used as an abrasive both in its natural (corundum, [[emery|emery]]) and synthetic (Alundum) forms. Synthetic alumina is prepared primarily in three forms: activated alumina, smelter-grade alumina, and calcined alumina. The porous, granular activated alumina aggressively absorbs liquid water and water vapor. The fine-grain calcined alumina is a dense impermeable ceramic material used for abrasives, refractories, electrical insulation, high temperature crucibles, and dental restoration. It is also used as a filler for paints, glass, and ceramics. When added to glaze mixtures, aluminum oxide increases viscosity during firing, prevents devitrification during cooling, and adds durability to the final surface.
 See also [[alpha_alumina|alpha alumina]] and [[gamma_alumina|gamma alumina]].
+[[File:95_Alumina fiber_500X_pol adj.jpg|thumb|Saffil 500x, ICI Americas]]
+== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
-[[File:95_Alumina fiber_200X_pol adj.jpg|thumb|Saffil, ICI Americas]]
+aluminum oxide; aluminium oxide; almina (Esp.); alumine (Fr.); alumina (Port.); xido de alumnio (Port.); activated alumina; Alundum; Aloxite; Bausilite; White Bauxilite; corundum
-== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
+== Applications ==
+[[[SliderGallery rightalign|aaiAlumina.jpg~FTIR (AAI)|Corundum Raman RRUFF R040096.png~Raman (RRUFF)]]]
-aluminum oxide; aluminium oxide; almina (Esp.); alumine (Fr.); alumina (Port.); xido de alumnio (Port.); activated alumina; Alundum; Aloxite; Bausilite; White Bauxilite; corundum
+== Risks ==
-[[[SliderGallery rightalign|aaiAlumina.jpg~FTIR]]]
+* Fire retardant.
+* Dust may cause irritation with skin contact or inhalation.
+* ThermoFisher: [https://www.fishersci.com/store/msds?partNumber=A446100&productDescription=ALUMINA+GAMAL+GRADE+B+100ML&vendorId=VN00033897&countryCode=US&language=en SDS]
-== Other Properties ==
+== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
 Soluble in mineral acids and strong alkali. Insoluble in water.
@@ Line 30: / Line 36: @@
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Melting Point
-| 2040
+| 2040 C
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 | mol. wt. = 101.96
 |}
-== Hazards and Safety ==
-Fire retardant.  Dust may cause irritation with skin contact or inhalation.
-Mallinckrodt Baker: [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/a2844.htm MSDS]
 == Comparisons ==
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 [[media:download_file_167.pdf|Properties of Common Abrasives]]
+==Resources and Citations==
+* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 34
-== Additional Images ==
+* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: alumina"  [Accessed May 8, 2003].
-<gallery>
-File:95_Alumina fiber_500X_pol adj.jpg|Saffil, ICI Americas
-</gallery>
-== Sources Checked for Data in Record ==
-* G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 34
-* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: alumina" from Encyclopdia Britannica Premium Service.   [Accessed May 8, 2003].
-* Michael McCann, Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
+* Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
-* Robert Fournier, Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
+* Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
-* R.M.Organ, R.M.Organ, ''Design for Scientific Conservation of Antiquities'', Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 1968
+* R.M.Organ, ''Design for Scientific Conservation of Antiquities'', Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 1968
 [[Category:Materials database]]