Difference between revisions of "Smoky quartz"

Latest revision as of 11:38, 26 December 2022

Janus necklace
MFA# 2007.422

Smoky quartz

Description

A transparent dark gray or brown Quartz, also called cairngorm. Smoky quartz is found in Switzerland, Scotland (Mt. Cairngorm), Russia, Iran, Brazil, Sri Lanka and the U.S.(Colorado, California). It is sometimes used as a Gemstone. Most early uses of the stone date from Hellenistic times or later; one earlier example was found in Iran c 3250 BCE (Odgen 1982).

Synonyms and Related Terms

smokey quartz; cairngorm; Cairngorm stone; Rauchquarz (Deut.); quartz fumé (Fr.); quartzo fumado (Port.); rookkwarts (Ned.)

Smoky quartz

Physical and Chemical Properties

Trigonal crystal system
Low birefringence (0.009)
Low thermal expansion
Fracture = conchoidal
Luster = vitreous to greasy
Streak = white
Fluorescence = generally inert
Pleochroism = very weak with different tones of body color
Can be piezoeletric and/or triboluminescent
Heat-treatment can bleach the stone and may turn it yellow.

Composition	SiO2
Mohs Hardness	7.0
Density	2.65 g/ml
Refractive Index	1.544; 1.553

Comparisons

Properties of Common Gemstones

Resources and Citations

Mineralogy Database: Quartz
Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
Jack Odgen, Jewellery of the Ancient World, Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "smoky quartz." Accessed: 21 Jan. 2005 .
C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
Wikipedia: Smoky quartz (Accessed Sept. 14, 2005 and Dec 2022)
Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+[[File:Smoky Quartz-MFA.jpg|thumb|Janus necklace<br>MFA# 2007.422]]
 [[File:Smoky.Quartz.jpg|thumb|Smoky quartz]]
 == Description ==
-A transparent dark gray or brown [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=quartz quartz], also called cairngorm. Smoky quartz is found in Switzerland, Scotland (Mt. Cairngorm), Russia, Iran, Brazil, Sri Lanka and the U.S.(Colorado, California). It is sometimes used as a [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=gemstone gemstone].  Most early uses of the stone date from Hellenistic times or later; one earlier example was found in Iran c 3250 BCE (Odgen 1982).
+A transparent dark gray or brown [[quartz|quartz]], also called cairngorm. Smoky quartz is found in Switzerland, Scotland (Mt. Cairngorm), Russia, Iran, Brazil, Sri Lanka and the U.S.(Colorado, California). It is sometimes used as a [[gemstone|gemstone]].  Most early uses of the stone date from Hellenistic times or later; one earlier example was found in Iran c 3250 BCE (Odgen 1982).
 == Synonyms and Related Terms ==
-smokey quartz; cairngorm; Cairngorm stone; Rauchquarz (Deut.); quartz fum (Fr.); quartzo fumado (Port.); rookkwarts (Ned.)
+smokey quartz; cairngorm; Cairngorm stone; Rauchquarz (Deut.); quartz fumé (Fr.); quartzo fumado (Port.); rookkwarts (Ned.)
 [[File:SmokyQuartzkes.jpg|thumb|Smoky quartz]]
-== Other Properties ==
+== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
-Trigonal crystal system.  Low birefringence. Low thermal expansion.
+* Trigonal crystal system
+* Low birefringence (0.009)
-Fracture = conchoidal.  Luster = vitreous to greasy.  Streak = white.
+* Low thermal expansion
+* Fracture = conchoidal
-Heat-treatment can bleach the stone and may turn it yellow.
+* Luster = vitreous to greasy
+* Streak = white
+* Fluorescence = generally inert
+* Pleochroism = very weak with different tones of body color
+* Can be piezoeletric and/or triboluminescent
+* Heat-treatment can bleach the stone and may turn it yellow.
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 26: / Line 32: @@
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Density
-| 2.65
+| 2.65 g/ml
 |-
 ! scope="row"| Refractive Index
-| 1.55
+| 1.544; 1.553
 |}
-== Additional Information ==
-Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Quartz.shtml Quartz] Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982.
 == Comparisons ==
@@ Line 40: / Line 42: @@
 [[media:download_file_439.pdf|Properties of Common Gemstones]]
+==Resources and Citations==
+* Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Quartz.shtml Quartz]
-== Authority ==
+* Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
+* Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
-* Jack Odgen, Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
+* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "smoky quartz." Accessed: 21 Jan. 2005 .
+* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
-* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "smoky quartz." Encyclopdia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopdia Britannica Premium Service  21 Jan. 2005 .
+* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoky_quartz Smoky quartz] (Accessed Sept. 14, 2005 and Dec 2022)
+* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
-* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
-* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoky_quartz (Accessed Sept. 14, 2005)
-* Random House, Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
 [[Category:Materials database]]