Difference between revisions of "Niobium"

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[[File:2006.422-SC176915.jpg|thumb|'''MFA Acc. #:''' 2006.422]]
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[[File:2006.422-SC176915.jpg|thumb|Steel and niobium brooch<br>MFA# 2006.422]]
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
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A gray, corrosion-resistant metallic element originally named columbium. Niobium occurs in nature with [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=tantalum tantalum] in the minerals columbite, pyrochlore, and tantalite. It was first discovered in 1801 by Charles Hatchett but not isolated until 1864 by Blomstrand. Niobium is found in deposits in Nigeria, Zaire, Brazil, Australia, Canada, and the United States. It is soft, ductile, and malleable and looks very similar to [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=platinum platinum] when polished. Niobium becomes a superconductor below 7 degrees Kelvin. It is most often used as an alloying material in [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=steel steel] to stabilize the [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=carbon carbon].
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A gray, corrosion-resistant metallic element originally named columbium. Niobium occurs in nature with [[tantalum|tantalum]] in the minerals columbite, pyrochlore, and tantalite. It was first discovered in 1801 by Charles Hatchett but not isolated until 1864 by Blomstrand. Niobium is found in deposits in Nigeria, Zaire, Brazil, Australia, Canada, and the United States. It is soft, ductile, and malleable and looks very similar to [[platinum|platinum]] when polished. Niobium becomes a superconductor below 7 degrees Kelvin. It is most often used as an alloying material in [[steel|steel]] to stabilize the [[carbon|carbon]].
  
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
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Nb; columbium; Niob (Deut., Sven.); niobio (It., Esp.); Nibio (Port.)
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Nb; columbium; Niob (Deut., Sven.); niobio (It., Esp.); Nióbio (Port.)
  
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== Other Properties ==
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== Risks ==
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* Flammable solid. 
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* Pyrophoric. 
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* Contact and ingestion causes severe irritation. 
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* Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/99044.htm MSDS]
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==Physical and Chemical Properties==
  
 
Fuses with alkali hydroxides.  Insoluble in acids at room temperature.
 
Fuses with alkali hydroxides.  Insoluble in acids at room temperature.
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|-
 
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! scope="row"| Melting Point
 
! scope="row"| Melting Point
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| 2468
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| 2468 C
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Density
 
! scope="row"| Density
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| 8.57
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| 8.57 g/ml
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
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|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Boiling Point
 
! scope="row"| Boiling Point
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| 4927
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| 4927 C
 
|}
 
|}
  
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== Hazards and Safety ==
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==Resources and Citations==
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Flammable solid.  Pyrophoric.  Contact and ingestion causes severe irritation. 
 
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Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/99044.htm MSDS]
 
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== Additional Information ==
 
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Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Nb/key.html Website]
 
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== Authority ==
 
  
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  
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* Random House, Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
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* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
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* ''Chemical & Engineering News'', American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 81 (36) , Sept. 8, 2003  Comment: Pamela Zurer, p. 106: discovered by Hatchett in 1801
 
* ''Chemical & Engineering News'', American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 81 (36) , Sept. 8, 2003  Comment: Pamela Zurer, p. 106: discovered by Hatchett in 1801
  
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* Richard S. Lewis, Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
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* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 6648; discovered by Hatchett in 1801and isolated by Blomstrand in 1866
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 6648; discovered by Hatchett in 1801and isolated by Blomstrand in 1866
  
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* Website address 1, Website address 1  Comment: Web Elements at http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Nb/hist.html gives discovered by Hatchett in 1801 and isolated by Blomstrand in 1864
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* Web Elements at http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Nb/hist.html gives discovered by Hatchett in 1801 and isolated by Blomstrand in 1864
  
  
  
 
[[Category:Materials database]]
 
[[Category:Materials database]]

Latest revision as of 13:07, 23 August 2022

Steel and niobium brooch
MFA# 2006.422

Description

A gray, corrosion-resistant metallic element originally named columbium. Niobium occurs in nature with Tantalum in the minerals columbite, pyrochlore, and tantalite. It was first discovered in 1801 by Charles Hatchett but not isolated until 1864 by Blomstrand. Niobium is found in deposits in Nigeria, Zaire, Brazil, Australia, Canada, and the United States. It is soft, ductile, and malleable and looks very similar to Platinum when polished. Niobium becomes a superconductor below 7 degrees Kelvin. It is most often used as an alloying material in Steel to stabilize the Carbon.

Synonyms and Related Terms

Nb; columbium; Niob (Deut., Sven.); niobio (It., Esp.); Nióbio (Port.)

Risks

  • Flammable solid.
  • Pyrophoric.
  • Contact and ingestion causes severe irritation.
  • Fisher Scientific: MSDS

Physical and Chemical Properties

Fuses with alkali hydroxides. Insoluble in acids at room temperature.

Composition Nb (atomic no. 41)
CAS 7440-03-1
Mohs Hardness 6.0
Melting Point 2468 C
Density 8.57 g/ml
Molecular Weight atomic wt = 92.9064
Boiling Point 4927 C

Resources and Citations

  • Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  • Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  • The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
  • Chemical & Engineering News, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 81 (36) , Sept. 8, 2003 Comment: Pamela Zurer, p. 106: discovered by Hatchett in 1801
  • Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 6648; discovered by Hatchett in 1801and isolated by Blomstrand in 1866

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