Difference between revisions of "Vanadium"

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== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
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A ductile metallic element. Vanadium was discovered in 1803 by Andres del Rio, rediscovered in 1831 by Nils Selstrom, and isolated by Henry Roscoe in 1867. It has an abundance of 0.015% in the earth's crust and primarily occurs in the ores patronite, vanadinite, roscoelite, and carnotite. Vanadium is mined in Mexico, Peru, South Africa, Zambia, Italy, Germany, and the U.S. (Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico). The silvery white metal is primarily added to [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=steel steel] to increase rust and wear resistance. Vanadium is also used as a target material for x-rays. Vanadium salts are used as yellow and red colorants in [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=glass glass] and [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=glaze glazes], as [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=ultraviolet absorber UV absorbers], as [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=mordant mordants], and as photographic developers.
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A ductile metallic element. Vanadium was discovered in 1803 by Andres del Rio, rediscovered in 1831 by Nils Selstrom, and isolated by Henry Roscoe in 1867. It has an abundance of 0.015% in the earth's crust and primarily occurs in the ores patronite, vanadinite, roscoelite, and carnotite. Vanadium is mined in Mexico, Peru, South Africa, Zambia, Italy, Germany, and the U.S. (Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico). The silvery white metal is primarily added to [[steel|steel]] to increase rust and wear resistance. Vanadium is also used as a target material for x-rays. Vanadium salts are used as yellow and red colorants in [[glass|glass]] and [[glaze|glazes]], as [[ultraviolet%20absorber|UV absorbers]], as [[mordant|mordants]], and as photographic developers.
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Vanadiniteitaly1.jpg~Raman]]]
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
  
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V; Vanadium (Deut., Fr., Ned., Nor.); vanadio (It., Esp.); Vandio (Port.); Vanadin (Sven.); wanad (Pol.);
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V; Vanadium (Deut., Fr., Ned., Nor.); vanadio (It., Esp.); Vanádio (Port.); Vanadin (Sven.); wanad (Pol.);
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[[[SliderGallery rightalign|Vanadiniteitaly1.jpg~Raman]]]
 
  
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== Other Properties ==
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==Physical and Chemical Properties==
  
 
Soluble in hot mineral acids. Insoluble in water.
 
Soluble in hot mineral acids. Insoluble in water.
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|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Melting Point
 
! scope="row"| Melting Point
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| 1890-1917
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| 1890-1917 C
 
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|-
 
! scope="row"| Density
 
! scope="row"| Density
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| 6.11
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| 6.11g/ml
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
 
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight
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|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Boiling Point
 
! scope="row"| Boiling Point
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| 3000-3400
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| 3000-3400 C
 
|}
 
|}
  
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== Hazards and Safety ==
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== Risks ==
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Contact and inhalation of dust may cause irritation. 
 
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Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/99091.htm MSDS]
 
  
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== Additional Information ==
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* Contact and inhalation of dust may cause irritation. 
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* Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/99091.htm MSDS]
  
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Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/V/key.html Website]
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==Resources and Citations==
  
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== Authority ==
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* Web Elements: [http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/V/key.html Website]
  
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* G.S.Brady, G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 859
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* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971  Comment: p. 859
  
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* Richard S. Lewis, Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
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* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 10053
 
* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983  Comment: entry 10053
  
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "vanadium" Encyclopdia Britannica Premium Service. [Accessed 20 Sept. 2005].
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "vanadium" [Accessed 20 Sept. 2005].
  
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* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium (Accessed Sept. 20, 2005)
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* Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium (Accessed Sept. 20, 2005)
  
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
 
* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  
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* Random House, Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
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* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
 
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
  
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* Robert Fournier, Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
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* Robert Fournier, ''Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery'', Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992
  
  
  
 
[[Category:Materials database]]
 
[[Category:Materials database]]

Latest revision as of 13:16, 23 June 2022

Description

A ductile metallic element. Vanadium was discovered in 1803 by Andres del Rio, rediscovered in 1831 by Nils Selstrom, and isolated by Henry Roscoe in 1867. It has an abundance of 0.015% in the earth's crust and primarily occurs in the ores patronite, vanadinite, roscoelite, and carnotite. Vanadium is mined in Mexico, Peru, South Africa, Zambia, Italy, Germany, and the U.S. (Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico). The silvery white metal is primarily added to Steel to increase rust and wear resistance. Vanadium is also used as a target material for x-rays. Vanadium salts are used as yellow and red colorants in Glass and glazes, as UV absorbers, as mordants, and as photographic developers.

Raman

Vanadiniteitaly1.jpg

Synonyms and Related Terms

V; Vanadium (Deut., Fr., Ned., Nor.); vanadio (It., Esp.); Vanádio (Port.); Vanadin (Sven.); wanad (Pol.);

Physical and Chemical Properties

Soluble in hot mineral acids. Insoluble in water.

Composition V (atomic no. 23)
CAS 7440-62-2
Mohs Hardness 7
Melting Point 1890-1917 C
Density 6.11g/ml
Molecular Weight atomic wt = 50.9414
Boiling Point 3000-3400 C

Risks

  • Contact and inhalation of dust may cause irritation.
  • Fisher Scientific: MSDS

Resources and Citations

  • G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 859
  • Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
  • The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 10053
  • Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
  • Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  • The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
  • Robert Fournier, Illustrated Dictionary of Practical Pottery, Chilton Book Company, Radnor, PA, 1992

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