Difference between revisions of "Smoky quartz"

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[[File:Smoky Quartz-MFA.jpg|thumb|Janus necklace<br>MFA# 2007.422]]
 
[[File:Smoky.Quartz.jpg|thumb|Smoky quartz]]
 
[[File:Smoky.Quartz.jpg|thumb|Smoky quartz]]
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
A transparent dark gray or brown [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=quartz quartz], also called cairngorm. Smoky quartz is found in Switzerland, Scotland (Mt. Cairngorm), Russia, Iran, Brazil, Sri Lanka and the U.S.(Colorado, California). It is sometimes used as a [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=gemstone gemstone].  Most early uses of the stone date from Hellenistic times or later; one earlier example was found in Iran c 3250 BCE (Odgen 1982).
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A transparent dark gray or brown [[quartz|quartz]], also called cairngorm. Smoky quartz is found in Switzerland, Scotland (Mt. Cairngorm), Russia, Iran, Brazil, Sri Lanka and the U.S.(Colorado, California). It is sometimes used as a [[gemstone|gemstone]].  Most early uses of the stone date from Hellenistic times or later; one earlier example was found in Iran c 3250 BCE (Odgen 1982).
  
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
 
== Synonyms and Related Terms ==
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[[File:SmokyQuartzkes.jpg|thumb|Smoky quartz]]
 
[[File:SmokyQuartzkes.jpg|thumb|Smoky quartz]]
== Other Properties ==
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== Physical and Chemical Properties ==
  
Trigonal crystal system. Low birefringence. Low thermal expansion.  
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* Trigonal crystal system   
 
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* Low birefringence (0.009)
Fracture = conchoidal. Luster = vitreous to greasy. Streak = white.  
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* Low thermal expansion   
 
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* Fracture = conchoidal   
Heat-treatment can bleach the stone and may turn it yellow.
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* Luster = vitreous to greasy   
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* Streak = white   
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* Fluorescence = generally inert
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* Pleochroism = very weak with different tones of body color
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* Can be piezoeletric and/or triboluminescent
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* Heat-treatment can bleach the stone and may turn it yellow.
  
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
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|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Density
 
! scope="row"| Density
| 2.65
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| 2.65 g/ml
 
|-
 
|-
 
! scope="row"| Refractive Index
 
! scope="row"| Refractive Index
| 1.55
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| 1.544; 1.553
 
|}
 
|}
 
== Additional Information ==
 
 
º Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Quartz.shtml Quartz]º Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982.
 
  
 
== Comparisons ==
 
== Comparisons ==
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[[media:download_file_439.pdf|Properties of Common Gemstones]]
 
[[media:download_file_439.pdf|Properties of Common Gemstones]]
  
 
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==Resources and Citations==
 
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* Mineralogy Database: [http://www.webmineral.com/data/Quartz.shtml Quartz]
== Authority ==
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* Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
 
 
 
* Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
 
* Jack Odgen, ''Jewellery of the Ancient World'', Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
 
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* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "smoky quartz." Accessed: 21 Jan. 2005 .
* ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com  Comment: "smoky quartz." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service  21 Jan. 2005 .
 
 
 
 
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
 
* C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, ''Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals'', Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
 
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* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoky_quartz Smoky quartz] (Accessed Sept. 14, 2005 and Dec 2022)
* Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, at http://www.wikipedia.com  Comment: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoky_quartz (Accessed Sept. 14, 2005)
 
 
 
 
* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
 
* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
  

Latest revision as of 11:38, 26 December 2022

Janus necklace
MFA# 2007.422
Smoky quartz

Description

A transparent dark gray or brown Quartz, also called cairngorm. Smoky quartz is found in Switzerland, Scotland (Mt. Cairngorm), Russia, Iran, Brazil, Sri Lanka and the U.S.(Colorado, California). It is sometimes used as a Gemstone. Most early uses of the stone date from Hellenistic times or later; one earlier example was found in Iran c 3250 BCE (Odgen 1982).

Synonyms and Related Terms

smokey quartz; cairngorm; Cairngorm stone; Rauchquarz (Deut.); quartz fumé (Fr.); quartzo fumado (Port.); rookkwarts (Ned.)

Smoky quartz

Physical and Chemical Properties

  • Trigonal crystal system
  • Low birefringence (0.009)
  • Low thermal expansion
  • Fracture = conchoidal
  • Luster = vitreous to greasy
  • Streak = white
  • Fluorescence = generally inert
  • Pleochroism = very weak with different tones of body color
  • Can be piezoeletric and/or triboluminescent
  • Heat-treatment can bleach the stone and may turn it yellow.
Composition SiO2
Mohs Hardness 7.0
Density 2.65 g/ml
Refractive Index 1.544; 1.553

Comparisons

Properties of Common Gemstones

Resources and Citations

  • Mineralogy Database: Quartz
  • Gem Identification Lab Manual, Gemological Institute of America, 2016.
  • Jack Odgen, Jewellery of the Ancient World, Rizzoli International Publications Inc., New York City, 1982
  • Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "smoky quartz." Accessed: 21 Jan. 2005 .
  • C.W.Chesterman, K.E.Lowe, Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Rocks and Minerals, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1979
  • Wikipedia: Smoky quartz (Accessed Sept. 14, 2005 and Dec 2022)
  • Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997