Difference between revisions of "Whale oil"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A yellowish oil obtained from the blubber of whales (order Cetacea, such as Balaena mysticetus). Whale oil was extracted from the blubber with steam. It is composed of the glycerides of fatty acids: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=oleic | + | A yellowish oil obtained from the blubber of whales (order Cetacea, such as Balaena mysticetus). Whale oil was extracted from the blubber with steam. It is composed of the glycerides of fatty acids: [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=oleic%20acid oleic] (35.2%), [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=stearic%20acid stearic] (2.8%), [http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/fullrecord.asp?name=palmitic%20acid palmitic] (15.6%), myristic (9.3%), palmitoleic (14.4%) and others. At one time whale oil was used for manufacturing soaps, candles, and as a lubricant for textile spinning machines. The smoky, odorous oil was considered an inferior source of lighting fuel. It has since been superseded by synthetic oils. |
[[File:Spermwhalewp2.jpg|thumb|Sperm whale]] | [[File:Spermwhalewp2.jpg|thumb|Sperm whale]] | ||
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== Authority == | == Authority == | ||
| − | * | + | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 867 |
| − | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "whale." | + | * ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', http://www.britannica.com Comment: "whale." Encyclopædia Britannica. 20 Oct. 2004 . |
* ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'', Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: density=0.892, refl index=1.460, iodine value=120, saponification value=195, lauric acid=0.2%, myristic acid=9.3%, palmitic acid=15.6%, stearic acid=2.8%, palmitoleic acid-14.4%, oleic acid=35.2% | * ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics'', Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: density=0.892, refl index=1.460, iodine value=120, saponification value=195, lauric acid=0.2%, myristic acid=9.3%, palmitic acid=15.6%, stearic acid=2.8%, palmitoleic acid-14.4%, oleic acid=35.2% | ||
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* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
| − | * | + | * Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 |
* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
Revision as of 06:22, 24 July 2013
Description
A yellowish oil obtained from the blubber of whales (order Cetacea, such as Balaena mysticetus). Whale oil was extracted from the blubber with steam. It is composed of the glycerides of fatty acids: oleic (35.2%), stearic (2.8%), palmitic (15.6%), myristic (9.3%), palmitoleic (14.4%) and others. At one time whale oil was used for manufacturing soaps, candles, and as a lubricant for textile spinning machines. The smoky, odorous oil was considered an inferior source of lighting fuel. It has since been superseded by synthetic oils.
Synonyms and Related Terms
sperm oil; sod oil
Other Properties
Saponification no. = 180-197
Iodine no. = 105-135
| Density | 0.920-0.927 |
|---|---|
| Refractive Index | 1.460 |
Authority
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 867
- Encyclopedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com Comment: "whale." Encyclopædia Britannica. 20 Oct. 2004 .
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: density=0.892, refl index=1.460, iodine value=120, saponification value=195, lauric acid=0.2%, myristic acid=9.3%, palmitic acid=15.6%, stearic acid=2.8%, palmitoleic acid-14.4%, oleic acid=35.2%
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998