Methylene blue
Description
Dark green crystals that form a deep blue aqueous solution. Methylene blue was first prepared in 1876 by Caro. It is a synthetic
Aniline dye that was used a lightfast colorant for
Cotton,
Silk, and
Wool (often with zinc as a mordant). Methylene blue is used as a biological stain for bacteria and as an indicator in oxidation-reduction reactions. Methylene blue is also used as a
Disinfectant and an antidote for
cyanide poisoning.
Synonyms and Related Terms
methylthionine chloride; Basic Blue 9; CI 52015; Solvent Blue 8; 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium chloride; azul de metileno (Esp.); azul de metileno (Port.); methyl blue; solvent blue; Basic Lake Blue; Swiss blue
Risks
- Toxic by ingestion and inhalation.
- Contact may cause irritation.
- Potential teratogen.
- Flammable. Flash point = 178 C
- Fisher Scientific: MSDS
Physical and Chemical Properties
Soluble in water, ethanol, chloroform. pH of aq. solution = 3 - 4.5
Insoluble in ether.
| Composition | C16H18N3SCl-3H2O |
|---|---|
| CAS | 61-73-4 |
| Melting Point | 190 C (dec) |
| Molecular Weight | mol. wt. = 319.85 |
Resources and Citations
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 6137
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
- A.Scharff, 'Synthetic dyestuffs for textiles and their fastness to washing', ICOM-CC Preprints Lyon, Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, 1999
- Colour Index International online at www.colour-index.org