Gum
Description
Carbohydrate containing exudates obtained from some trees or shrubs that are insoluble in alcohol and either soluble or swellable in water. Some gums, such as, agar, funori, and carrageenan, are extracts from seaweed. Gums are used as adhesives, paint binders and sizes. The word 'gum' has also been commonly used to refer to any plant exudate. Examples of natural gums include: arabic gum arabic, tragacanth gum tragacanth, gum cherry gum, (tree) plum gum, gum almond gum, balata gum, chicle, gum damson gum, gum divul gum, gum galactan gum, gum ghatti gum, thus gum thus, khaya gum, seed gum tamarind seed gum, gum cashew gum, gum karaya gum, mesquite gum, gum cholla gum, soap berry gum, tartar gum, tandra gum, orange gum, grapefruit gum, neem gum, sapote gum, drum stick gum, lemon gum, bean gum locust bean gum, xanthan gum, seaweed glue, and gum guar gum.
Synonyms and Related Terms
"gums; gomme (Fr.); goma (Esp.); gomma (It); mucilage; plant gums; natural gums "
Other Properties
Soluble or swellable in water. Insoluble in hydrocarbon solvents. May be thickened by the addition of borates, iron salts or alkaline silicates.
| Density | 1.32-1.43 |
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Additional Information
J. Twilley, The Analysis of Exudate Plant Gums in Their Artisitic Application, Archaeological Chemistry, 1984.
Authority
- J. Twilley, J. Twilley, The Analysis of Exudate Plant Gums in Their Artisitic Application, Archaeological Chemistry, 357, 1984
- Ralph Mayer, Ralph Mayer, A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques, Harper and Row Publishers, New York, 1969 (also 1945 printing)
- Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Dictionary of Fiber & Textile Technology (older version called Man-made Fiber and Textile Dictionary, 1965), Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Charlotte NC, 1990
- S.R.Trotman, E.R. Trotman, S.R.Trotman, E.R. Trotman, Textile Analysis, J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1932
- Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
- Theodore J. Reinhart, Theodore J. Reinhart, 'Glossary of Terms', Engineered Plastics, ASM International, 1988