Difference between revisions of "Category:Gamboge: Ukiyo-e colorant"

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m (MDerrick moved page Gamboge: Ukiyo-e colorant to Gamboge: Ukiyo-e colorant without leaving a redirect)
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== Description ==
 
  
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[[Gamboge]] (''shio''): A yellow-orange gum-resin produced by several species of ''Garcinia'' tree found in India, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Ceylon. Gamboge was used as a yellow pigment as early as the 8th century in Asia and Japan. It was regularly imported to Europe in the 17th century but a few earlier deliveries may have occurred. Gamboge is composed of a yellow resinous component (70-80%; morelloflavone) and a clear water-soluble [[gum]] (20%). Gamboge is marketed in the form of dull, brownish-yellow cakes or lumps. When powdered, it has a rich golden color. Gamboge is used as a transparent colorant in glazes, varnishes, and watercolors. The carbohydrate gum acts as a natural binder. The yellow color fades when exposed to light or [[ozone]]. In some cases it has recovered its color when placed in the dark.   
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[[File:SC130566.jpg|right|250px|link=https://collections.mfa.org/objects/234428/under-the-wave-off-kanagawa-kanagawaoki-namiura-also-kn?ctx=ed6b9b8b-e830-4c25-9793-ba7646059146&idx=3|Great Wave by Katsushika Hokusai]]
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<font size="3">'''[[Gamboge]]'''</font> ベロ藍(''bero-ai''): A yellow-orange gum-resin produced by several species of ''Garcinia'' tree found in India, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Ceylon. Gamboge was used as a yellow pigment as early as the 8th century in Asia and Japan. It was regularly imported to Europe in the 17th century but a few earlier deliveries may have occurred. Gamboge is composed of a yellow resinous component (70-80%; morelloflavone) and a clear water-soluble [[gum]] (20%). Gamboge is marketed in the form of dull, brownish-yellow cakes or lumps. When powdered, it has a rich golden color. Gamboge is used as a transparent colorant in glazes, varnishes, and watercolors. The carbohydrate gum acts as a natural binder. The yellow color fades when exposed to light or [[ozone]]. In some cases it has recovered its color when placed in the dark.   
  
 
For the analysis, it was known that gamboge does not fluoresce in UV light (see below), Thus is was no surprise that gamboge did not produce a distinct pattern using the excitation emission technique.  In fact, because it is the only bright yellow colorant that does not fluoresce (of those we have currently analyzed) and because it even absorbs the normal fluorescence given off from the paper, we sometimes used this negative indication to assign the presence of gamboge.
 
For the analysis, it was known that gamboge does not fluoresce in UV light (see below), Thus is was no surprise that gamboge did not produce a distinct pattern using the excitation emission technique.  In fact, because it is the only bright yellow colorant that does not fluoresce (of those we have currently analyzed) and because it even absorbs the normal fluorescence given off from the paper, we sometimes used this negative indication to assign the presence of gamboge.
  
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<gallery>|
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'''For more information see:''' [[Gamboge]]
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<br>
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== Examples of Gamboge in Ukiyo-e Prints ==
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{|class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;font-size:90%;text-align:center;width:15%"
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|[[File:dyed indigo.jpg|200px]]
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|-
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|
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[[File:Indigo FORS.JPG|200px]]<br>[[Harunobu, Beautiful Women of the Yoshiwara, Applying makeup (MFA 2006.1537.5)|Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu]]
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|}
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{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;font-size:90%;text-align:center;width:15%"
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|[[File:dyed indigo.jpg|200px]]
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|-
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|
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[[File:Indigo FORS.JPG|200px]]<br>[[Harunobu, Beautiful Women of the Yoshiwara, Applying makeup (MFA 2006.1537.5)|Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu]]
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|}
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{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;font-size:90%;text-align:center;width:15%"
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|[[File:dyed indigo.jpg|200px]]
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|-
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|
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[[File:Indigo FORS.JPG|200px]]<br>[[Harunobu, Beautiful Women of the Yoshiwara, Applying makeup (MFA 2006.1537.5)|Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu]]
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|}
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{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;font-size:90%;text-align:center;width:15%"
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|[[File:dyed indigo.jpg|200px]]
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|-
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|
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[[File:Indigo FORS.JPG|200px]]<br>[[Harunobu, Beautiful Women of the Yoshiwara, Applying makeup (MFA 2006.1537.5)|Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu]]
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|}
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{| class="wikitable" style="display: inline-table;font-size:90%;text-align:center;width:15%"
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|[[File:dyed indigo.jpg|200px]]
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|-
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|
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[[File:Indigo FORS.JPG|200px]]<br>[[Harunobu, Beautiful Women of the Yoshiwara, Applying makeup (MFA 2006.1537.5)|Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu]]
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|}
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== Analysis ==
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Fiber optic reflectance spectroscopy (FORS) can easily identify the three blues: indigo, dayflower, and Prussian blue.
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<gallery mode=packed heights=200px style="text-align:left">
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Gamboge color.PNG|3D EEM plot of gamboge
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</gallery>
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==Other Images of Gamboge==
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<gallery>
 
File:gamboge_pieces_1.jpg|Gamboge pieces
 
File:gamboge_pieces_1.jpg|Gamboge pieces
 
File:296 gamboge.jpg|Gamboge, powdered
 
File:296 gamboge.jpg|Gamboge, powdered
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File:15_Powd_gamboge_200X.jpg|Gamboge, transmitted light
 
File:15_Powd_gamboge_200X.jpg|Gamboge, transmitted light
 
File:gamboge_dyed paper.jpg|Gamboge dyed paper
 
File:gamboge_dyed paper.jpg|Gamboge dyed paper
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Gamboge color.PNG|3D EEM plot of gamboge
 
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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== Examples ==
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==List of Prints ==
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List of prints where indigo was detected
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[[Category:Ukiyo-e Print Colorants]]
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[[Category:Ukiyo-e Print Colorant Database]]

Revision as of 19:19, 13 May 2020

Great Wave by Katsushika Hokusai

Gamboge ベロ藍(bero-ai): A yellow-orange gum-resin produced by several species of Garcinia tree found in India, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Ceylon. Gamboge was used as a yellow pigment as early as the 8th century in Asia and Japan. It was regularly imported to Europe in the 17th century but a few earlier deliveries may have occurred. Gamboge is composed of a yellow resinous component (70-80%; morelloflavone) and a clear water-soluble Gum (20%). Gamboge is marketed in the form of dull, brownish-yellow cakes or lumps. When powdered, it has a rich golden color. Gamboge is used as a transparent colorant in glazes, varnishes, and watercolors. The carbohydrate gum acts as a natural binder. The yellow color fades when exposed to light or Ozone. In some cases it has recovered its color when placed in the dark.

For the analysis, it was known that gamboge does not fluoresce in UV light (see below), Thus is was no surprise that gamboge did not produce a distinct pattern using the excitation emission technique. In fact, because it is the only bright yellow colorant that does not fluoresce (of those we have currently analyzed) and because it even absorbs the normal fluorescence given off from the paper, we sometimes used this negative indication to assign the presence of gamboge.

For more information see: Gamboge

Examples of Gamboge in Ukiyo-e Prints

Dyed indigo.jpg

Indigo FORS.JPG
Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu

Dyed indigo.jpg

Indigo FORS.JPG
Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu

Dyed indigo.jpg

Indigo FORS.JPG
Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu

Dyed indigo.jpg

Indigo FORS.JPG
Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu

Dyed indigo.jpg

Indigo FORS.JPG
Beauties of the Yoshiwara by Suzuki Harunobu

Analysis

Fiber optic reflectance spectroscopy (FORS) can easily identify the three blues: indigo, dayflower, and Prussian blue.

  • 3D EEM plot of gamboge

Other Images of Gamboge

  • Gamboge pieces

  • Gamboge, powdered

  • Gamboge: Vis (left) UV (right)

  • Gamboge, transmitted light

  • Gamboge dyed paper

List of Prints

List of prints where indigo was detected

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