Optimum Analysis Process for Ukiyo-e prints

To serve as references, colorant samples were formulated and printed using organic and inorganic materials traditionally believed to have been used during the Edo period (1603–1868). The non-invasive techniques used to compile this database permit hypothetical identifications of the colorants in different areas of a given print, but strictly speaking cannot provide certain identifications, which would require analysis of samples. This database is meant to be a beginning point for continuing targeted research on the specific types of colorants found in Edo period Japanese prints.

Optimum analysis process for Ukiyo-e

Photography

• Visible (color and condition documentation}
• UV light (fluorescent/absorption documentation, i.e., Indian yellow fluoresces brightly)
• Infrared Reflectography (reflectance /absorption documentation, i.e. carbon black absorbs completely)

Non Destructive Analytical procedures

• Microscopy (to assess condition, paint layers, particles, etc.)
• X-ray Fluorescence (elemental analysis can identify some components, i.e., Hg for vermilion)
• FORS (reflection measurement of color helps with some colorants, often organic ones that XRF cannot detect)
• EEM (can give confirmation of the identification of compounds that fluoresce)
• FTIR-reflected (best technique when mixtures are present)
• RAMAN (can identify crystalline compounds)