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...aracteristics of an object and which do not need any sampling. Examples of nondestructive testing methods include: photography (visible light, infrared or ultraviole ...eut.), prova non distruttiva, PnD (It.); non-destructive analysis; analyse nondestructive (Fr.); zerstörungsfreie Analyse (Deut.)

[[File:MFA XRF instrument.jpg|thumb|Non-destructive XRF analysis of a Chinese painted scroll using an open architecture Bruker Artax XRF (MF ...r a sealed radioactive source. Since removing a sample is unnecessary, XRF analysis is often one of the first analytical methods for surveying the inorganic co

...the encountered elements. PIXE is a powerful yet non-destructive elemental analysis technique now used routinely by geologists, archaeologists, art conservator - Analysis can be performed directly on the object, but restricted to its surface, wit

[[File:MFA XRF instrument.jpg|thumb|XRF analysis using an open architecture Bruker ARTAX]] ...uorescence_(XRF) spectroscopy|X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy]] is a nondestructive analytical method used to qualitatively and semi-quantitatively determine t