Difference between revisions of "Sulfur dioxide"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | Colorless gas with a pungent odor. Sulfur dioxide is a common [ | + | Colorless gas with a pungent odor. Sulfur dioxide is a common [[pollutant|pollutant]] produced from burning high sulfur [[coal|coal]] in metallurgical and electrical generating plants. When sulfur dioxide combines with water to form [[sulfurous%20acid|sulfurous acid]], it is especially deleterious to carbonates such as [[marble|marble]] and [[limestone|limestone]]. Sulfur dioxide also tarnishes [[metal|metal]] and can be harmful to [[dye|dyes]], [[paper|paper]], and [[leather|leather]]. Industrially sulfur dioxide is used for disinfecting and fumigating fruits and vegetables as well as for bleaching [[straw|straw]] and [[textile|textile]] fibers. Sulfur dioxide is produced by the oxidation of [[pyrite|pyrite]] at moderate humidity levels (Waller 1990). |
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| + | * See [[Pollutant]] record for a comparison table of aerosols and collection risks. | ||
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
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sulfurous anhydride; sulfurous oxide; sulphur dioxide; sulfur oxides; sulphur dioxide (Br.) | sulfurous anhydride; sulfurous oxide; sulphur dioxide; sulfur oxides; sulphur dioxide (Br.) | ||
| − | == | + | ==Personal Risks == |
| + | |||
| + | * Noncombustible. | ||
| + | * Toxic by inhalation. | ||
| + | * Strongly irritation to eyes and mucous membranes. | ||
| + | * Airgas: [https://www.airgas.com/msds/001047.pdf SDS] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Collection Risks== | ||
| + | * Metal corrosion | ||
| + | * Dye fading and pigment darkening | ||
| + | * Cellulose embrittlement | ||
| + | * Photograph deterioration | ||
| + | * Leather “red-rot” | ||
| + | * Reaction with calcareous materials | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Physical and Chemical Properties == | ||
Soluble in water (forming sulfuric acid), ethanol, ether. | Soluble in water (forming sulfuric acid), ethanol, ether. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Melting Point | ! scope="row"| Melting Point | ||
| − | | -76.1 | + | | -76.1 C |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ! scope="row"| Molecular Weight | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ! scope="row"| Boiling Point | ||
| − | | -10 | + | | -10 C |
|} | |} | ||
| − | == | + | == Resources and Citations == |
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| + | * R. Waller, "Pyrite Oxidation at 25C and 10-90 Percent Relative Humidity" Program and Abstracts, Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, Chicago, 1990. | ||
| + | * M.Dimitroff, J.Lacksonen "The Diffusion of Sulfur Dioxide in Air through Stacked Layers of Paper" JAIC, 25:31-37, 1986 | ||
* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 784 | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 784 | ||
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* Hermann Kuhn, ''Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities'', Butterworths, London, 1986 | * Hermann Kuhn, ''Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities'', Butterworths, London, 1986 | ||
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* Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 | * Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, ''Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology'', U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982 | ||
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* ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9144 | * ''The Merck Index'', Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9144 | ||
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* Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | * Richard S. Lewis, ''Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary'', Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993 | ||
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* Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979 | * Michael McCann, ''Artist Beware'', Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979 | ||
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* Marjorie Shelley, ''The Care and Handling of Art Objects'', The Metropolitan Museum, New York, 1987 | * Marjorie Shelley, ''The Care and Handling of Art Objects'', The Metropolitan Museum, New York, 1987 | ||
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* ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | * ''Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia'', Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976 | ||
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* Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | * Random House, ''Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language'', Grammercy Book, New York, 1997 | ||
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* ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | * ''The American Heritage Dictionary'' or ''Encarta'', via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998 | ||
| − | + | [[Category:Materials database]][[Category: MWG]][[Category: Climate/Environment]] | |
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| − | [[Category:Materials database]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:22, 17 July 2023
Description
Colorless gas with a pungent odor. Sulfur dioxide is a common Pollutant produced from burning high sulfur Coal in metallurgical and electrical generating plants. When sulfur dioxide combines with water to form Sulfurous acid, it is especially deleterious to carbonates such as Marble and Limestone. Sulfur dioxide also tarnishes Metal and can be harmful to dyes, Paper, and Leather. Industrially sulfur dioxide is used for disinfecting and fumigating fruits and vegetables as well as for bleaching Straw and Textile fibers. Sulfur dioxide is produced by the oxidation of Pyrite at moderate humidity levels (Waller 1990).
- See Pollutant record for a comparison table of aerosols and collection risks.
Synonyms and Related Terms
sulfurous anhydride; sulfurous oxide; sulphur dioxide; sulfur oxides; sulphur dioxide (Br.)
Personal Risks
- Noncombustible.
- Toxic by inhalation.
- Strongly irritation to eyes and mucous membranes.
- Airgas: SDS
Collection Risks
- Metal corrosion
- Dye fading and pigment darkening
- Cellulose embrittlement
- Photograph deterioration
- Leather “red-rot”
- Reaction with calcareous materials
Physical and Chemical Properties
Soluble in water (forming sulfuric acid), ethanol, ether.
| Composition | SO2 |
|---|---|
| CAS | 7446-09-5 |
| Melting Point | -76.1 C |
| Molecular Weight | mol. wt. = 64.1 |
| Boiling Point | -10 C |
Resources and Citations
- R. Waller, "Pyrite Oxidation at 25C and 10-90 Percent Relative Humidity" Program and Abstracts, Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, Chicago, 1990.
- M.Dimitroff, J.Lacksonen "The Diffusion of Sulfur Dioxide in Air through Stacked Layers of Paper" JAIC, 25:31-37, 1986
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 784
- Hermann Kuhn, Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art and Antiquities, Butterworths, London, 1986
- Matt Roberts, Don Etherington, Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books: a Dictionary of Descriptive Terminology, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1982
- The Merck Index, Martha Windholz (ed.), Merck Research Labs, Rahway NJ, 10th edition, 1983 Comment: entry 9144
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- Michael McCann, Artist Beware, Watson-Guptill Publications, New York City, 1979
- Marjorie Shelley, The Care and Handling of Art Objects, The Metropolitan Museum, New York, 1987
- Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Douglas M. Considine (ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1976
- Random House, Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, Grammercy Book, New York, 1997
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998