Difference between revisions of "Peanut oil"
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A yellowish, nondrying oil pressed from peanuts, a legume of the species Arachis, such as Arachis hypogaea. Peanuts are native to Brazil; they were brought to Africa, then to the United States and are now cultivated in many countries. Peanut oil contains fatty acids, such as [ | + | A yellowish, nondrying oil pressed from peanuts, a legume of the species Arachis, such as Arachis hypogaea. Peanuts are native to Brazil; they were brought to Africa, then to the United States and are now cultivated in many countries. Peanut oil contains fatty acids, such as [[oleic%20acid|oleic]] (52-62%), [[linoleic%20acid|linoleic]] (21-25%) [[palmitic%20acid|palmitic]] (~8%), [[stearic%20acid|stearic]] (~3%), arachidic, and lignoceric. Peanut oil has a nutty taste and odor. It is used in food products, soaps, lubricants, varnishes, and pharmaceuticals. |
== Synonyms and Related Terms == | == Synonyms and Related Terms == | ||
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''Arachis hypogaea''; arachis oil; huile d'arachide (Fr.); aceite de cacahuete (Esp.); olio di arachide (It); groundnut oil | ''Arachis hypogaea''; arachis oil; huile d'arachide (Fr.); aceite de cacahuete (Esp.); olio di arachide (It); groundnut oil | ||
| − | == | + | == Hazards and Safety == |
| + | |||
| + | * Combustible. | ||
| + | * Fisher Scientific: [https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/97162.htm MSDS] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Physical and Chemical Properties== | ||
| − | Soluble in ether, ligroin, carbon disulfide, chloroform. Slightly soluble in ethanol. | + | * Soluble in ether, ligroin, carbon disulfide, chloroform. Slightly soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in water. |
| + | * Reacts with alkali hydroxides to form soaps. | ||
| + | * Saponification number = 186-194 | ||
| + | * Iodine number = 88-98 | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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! scope="row"| Melting Point | ! scope="row"| Melting Point | ||
| − | | 3.0 | + | | 3.0 C |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Density | ! scope="row"| Density | ||
| − | | 0.912-0.920 | + | | 0.912-0.920 g/ml |
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ! scope="row"| Refractive Index | ||
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|} | |} | ||
| − | == | + | ==Resources and Citations== |
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* G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 583; specific gravity = 0.916-0.922; Iodine number = 83-101; Saponification number = 189-196; | * G.S.Brady, ''Materials Handbook'', McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 583; specific gravity = 0.916-0.922; Iodine number = 83-101; Saponification number = 189-196; | ||
Latest revision as of 09:28, 4 August 2022
Description
A yellowish, nondrying oil pressed from peanuts, a legume of the species Arachis, such as Arachis hypogaea. Peanuts are native to Brazil; they were brought to Africa, then to the United States and are now cultivated in many countries. Peanut oil contains fatty acids, such as oleic (52-62%), linoleic (21-25%) palmitic (~8%), stearic (~3%), arachidic, and lignoceric. Peanut oil has a nutty taste and odor. It is used in food products, soaps, lubricants, varnishes, and pharmaceuticals.
Synonyms and Related Terms
Arachis hypogaea; arachis oil; huile d'arachide (Fr.); aceite de cacahuete (Esp.); olio di arachide (It); groundnut oil
Hazards and Safety
- Combustible.
- Fisher Scientific: MSDS
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Soluble in ether, ligroin, carbon disulfide, chloroform. Slightly soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in water.
- Reacts with alkali hydroxides to form soaps.
- Saponification number = 186-194
- Iodine number = 88-98
| CAS | 8002-03-7 |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | 3.0 C |
| Density | 0.912-0.920 g/ml |
| Refractive Index | 1.4625-1.4645 |
Resources and Citations
- G.S.Brady, Materials Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1971 Comment: p. 583; specific gravity = 0.916-0.922; Iodine number = 83-101; Saponification number = 189-196;
- R. J. Gettens, G.L. Stout, Painting Materials, A Short Encyclopaedia, Dover Publications, New York, 1966
- J.Gordon Cook, Handbook of Textile Fibres:II Man-made Fibres, Merrow Publishing Co. , Durham, England
- Richard S. Lewis, Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 10th ed., 1993
- The American Heritage Dictionary or Encarta, via Microsoft Bookshelf 98, Microsoft Corp., 1998
- Art and Architecture Thesaurus Online, http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat/, J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, 2000
- CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Robert Weast (ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, v. 61, 1980 Comment: melting point = 3.0, density=0.914, ref. index = 1.4691, iodine value=93.4, saponification value = 192.1